. Sale Bestseller No. My model is: MRQYxx/A https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201634, Jul 15, 2019 6:51 AM in response to dialabrain It includes the original box, wireless mouse, and wireless keyboard. However, independent testing per EveryMac.com confirms that they can support 64GB and 128GB of RAM for the 21" and 27" models respectively. iMac 2019 - RAM Upgrade. Or read our Product Environmental Reports for detailed information on the environmental performance of every Apple product. Just purchased a 2019 i9 iMac with the Vega 48 video card. I would like to update my iMac from 8gb of RAM to 32gb RAM (because this is maximum from what I see on the internet). Cancel. So, my model is: 27inch - Retina5K - 6-core Intel Corei5 at 3,0GHz. 1-800-MY-APPLE, or. Crucial 64GB KIT(4x16GB) Compatible for Apple 2019 iMac 27-inch w/Retina 5K Display DDR4 2666MHz PC4-21300 2Rx8 CL19 1.2V SODIMM Memory RAM Upgrade . In response to macjack, Actually that's not why but I won't quibble. Jul 15, 2019 7:17 AM in response to macjack I'll upgrade to 2666 later when. Free shipping. Press the button above the outlet. In response to nvybvl, Jul 15, 2019 6:05 AM in response to nvybvl 64GB 4X16GB Apple iMac Early 2019 27" Retina 5K Memory Upgrade iMac19,1. 128GB (4X32Gb) Memory Upgrade for 2020 Apple Imac 27" W/Retina 5K Display & 2019. 256GB of RAM is a $5,200 upgrade option . Learn more, Configure your iMac with these options. Unfortunately, most modern Macs dont allow you to upgrade the RAM yourself. BTW - Your chocolate chip cookie profile pic has left the room. macjack, Jul 15, 2019 6:54 AM in response to nvybvl, Jul 15, 2019 5:59 AM in response to nvybvl, User profile for user: In other words, purchasing an iMac Pro with 256GB of RAM will only be possible via the CTO option on Apple's online store during the checkout process. To ensure compatibility, Apple recommends that you use Apple-approved memory. Refurbished Mac. Get fast shipping and top-rated customer service. In response to nvybvl. A-Tech 64GB (4x16GB) RAM for Apple iMac 2017 27 inch Retina 5K | DDR4 2400MHz SODIMM PC4-19200 2Rx8 1.2V 260-Pin SO-DIMM Memory Upgrade Kit, Factory Original 64GB (2x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 & 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display & 2018 Apple Mac Mini DDR4 2666Mhz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v RAM Adamanta, A-Tech 64GB Kit (2x32GB) RAM for Apple iMac & Mac Mini (2018, 2019 & 2020) | DDR4 2666 MHz SODIMM PC4-21300 / PC4-21333 260-Pin SO-DIMM Memory Upgrade, Adamanta 64GB (4x16GB) Memory Upgrade Compatible for 2017 Apple iMac 27" Retina 5K Display DDR4 2400MHz PC4-19200 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL17 1.2v Dual Rank RAM DRAM, NEMIX RAM 64GB (4X16GB) SODIMM Memory Upgrade Kit DDR4 2400MHz PC4-19200 CL17 Compatible for Apple iMac 2017 27-inch w/Retina 5K, 21.5-inch w/Retina 4K / Non-Retina 4K iMac 18,1,2,3, Adamanta 64GB (4x16GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display & 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display DDR4 2666Mhz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v DRAM RAM, Astra Gear 64GB(32GBx2) DDR4 2666MHz SO-DIMM Upgrade for 2020 & 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display iMac SO-DIMM Memory Module Ram Upgrade CL19 1.2V (AHA19ASDRAG8T-BG26SD), Adamanta 128GB (4x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display & 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display DDR4 2666Mhz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v DRAM RAM, Crucial RAM 64GB Kit (2x32GB) DDR4 2666 MHz CL19 Memory for Mac CT2K32G4S266M, G.Skill RipJaws Series 64GB (2 x 32GB) 260-Pin SO-DIMM PC4-21300 DDR4 2666 CL18-18-18-43 1.20V Dual Channel Memory Model F4-2666C18D-64GRS, Sam Original 64GB (2x32GB) DDR4 2666MHz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v Laptop Notebook Memory Module RAM Upgrade M471A4G43MB1-CTD, Crucial RAM 64GB Kit (2x32GB) DDR4 2666 MHz CL19 Laptop Memory CT2K32G4SFD8266, 256GB 4x64GB DDR4-2666 PC4-21300 2Rx4 RDIMM ECC Registered Memory by NEMIX RAM. Jul 15, 2019 5:59 AM in response to nvybvl All postings and use of the content on this site are subject to the. I'll use the machine for video work, lots of image editing in Lightroom,. Not sure about your question about how much RAM should be sufficient for video editing as I really don't do any myself. Apple publishes the RAM specs at the time of release. However, the modules are the same . Upgrade your Retina 4K iMac (21.5", 2019 - Current) with RAM that meets or exceeds Apple specs! Learn more about Apples dedication to reducing the environmental impact of our products and process. macOS Catalina gives you more of everything you love about Mac. . Trade In Your Original Memory and SAVE! And NVRAM / PRAM by turning off the mac and holding CMD+ALT/OPT+R+P and turn it on and hold until you see the progress bar. Get memory specifications and learn how to install memory in iMac computers. Upgrade bundle includes all the parts and tools needed to mod your iMac. (2019, 4K Display) with 64 GB RAM. Check Out Price Sale Bestseller No. Model #: 2666DDR4S64S; Return . Ideal fr iMac 27 2019-2020 Memory upgrade. Select your model Apple iMac Retina 4K 21.5-inch, Early 2019 - 3.0GHz Core i5 Apple iMac Retina 4K 21.5-inch, Early 2019 - 3.2GHz Core i7 Apple iMac Retina 4K 21.5-inch, Early 2019 - 3.6GHz Core i3 Apple iMac Retina 4K 21.5-inch, Early 2019 - 4.1GHz Core i5 Apple iMac Retina 4K 21.5-inch, Early 2019 - 4.6GHz Core i7 Einfach. I expect it's a price point issue. I'm leaning towards buying 2x32gb for 64gb total. OWC now offering 64GB RAM upgrade kit for recent 21.5-inch iMac models. https://larryjordan.com/articles/configure-a-mac-mini-2018-for-video-editing/, https://larryjordan.com/articles/configure-an-imac-pro-for-video-editing/, https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07N124XDS/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_i_B2AWDbTJ3D733, Battlheart Legacy+ Is This Weeks New Apple Arcade Release and It Is Out Now Alongside a Few Notable Game Updates, Romancing SaGa: Minstrel Song Remastered Pre-Orders and Pre-Registrations Are Now Live, SwitchArcade Round-Up: Totally Accurate Battle Simulator, Mecha Ritz, and Todays Other New Releases and Sales, Mad Skills Snocross to Bring Fast and Competitive Snowmobile Racing to Mobile Devices on November 9th, To the Moon Sequel Finding Paradise Is Coming to iOS, Android, and Nintendo Switch On November 18th, Out Now: Isle of Arrows, The Past Within, How to Say Goodbye, Skies of Chaos, Arida: Backlands Awakening, Massi, Yestertide and More, SwitchArcade Round-Up: Shatter Remastered, Doraemon Story of Seasons, Plus Todays Other News, Releases, and Sales, Massive Dysmantle Update Brings Underworld DLC, New Builders Isle, and Tons More. Then why doesn't Apple offer the 128 GB option? It's only one stick, but it leaves your other RAM slots open if you want to expand up to 64GB by just buying this kit three more times. UPGRADED 27" 5K 2019 Apple iMac 6-Core i5 3.7GHz | 64GB RAM | 2TB FUSION DRIVE $1,849.00 or Best Offer SPONSORED Apple A2115 iMac 2019 27" Intel i9-9900K 64GB 1TB SSD 10.15 580X Fair w/ Stand $1,757.49 Was: $1,849.99 $42.68 shipping or Best Offer Benefits charity SPONSORED In the back you'll find a button right above the power plug. iMac RAM upgrades are easy for most models, and it's a good idea to do it yourself, . What model of ram you recomend me to use ? More dialabrain, Jul 15, 2019 6:05 AM in response to nvybvl, Jul 15, 2019 6:14 AM in response to nvybvl, Jul 15, 2019 6:22 AM in response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 6:44 AM in response to dialabrain, Jul 15, 2019 6:47 AM in response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 6:51 AM in response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 6:51 AM in response to dialabrain, Jul 15, 2019 6:56 AM in response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 7:11 AM in response to dialabrain, Jul 15, 2019 7:17 AM in response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 7:19 AM in response to macjack, call In response to macjack. Shop products from small business brands sold in Amazons store. Upgrade your Mac Pro with more original Apple memory and get a significant performance boost. iMac19,1 21.5" iMac with Retina 4K Display (2019) Up to 64GB of memory Model ID: iMac19,2 iMac Pro (2017) Up to 512GB of memory Model ID: iMacPro1,1 27" iMac with Retina 5K Display (2017) Up to 64GB of memory Model ID: iMac18,3 21.5" iMac with Retina 4K & Non-Retina Display (2017) Up to 64GB of memory Model ID: iMac18,1 iMac18,2 This site contains user submitted content, comments and opinions and is for informational purposes Configuration tested: 3.7GHz 6-core Intel Core i5 processor, 8GB memory, 2TB Fusion drive, Radeon Pro 580X Graphics. Includes all installation tools to service all Apple iMac models released since 2008. JavaScript is disabled. Downloading apps requires an Apple ID and a device that is compatible with the OS version required for each app. Recent MacBook Pro and MacBook Air models have the RAM soldered to the . captured in an electronic forum and Apple can therefore provide no guarantee as to the efficacy of . If you are using the iFixit cardboard service wedge, follow these assembly directions to . Q: SAMSUNG: 1x 32GB: DDR4-2666: RDIMM . If you want more headroom for things like more . Ram compartment Behind the Ram compartment you'll see a diagram for the next step. $198.99: Buy on Amazon: 9: v-Color 128GB(4x32GB) 2666MHz ddr4 Compatible for iMac Retina 5K, 27-inch, 2019 and iMac Retina 5K,. To start the conversation again, simply ask a new question. 64GB (4x16GB) DDR4 2666MHz SOD Memory upgrade for iMac 27" Retina 5k 2019. Named #3 in Computer Hardware on INC 5000 in 2019. Learn about the types of memory (RAM) used in Mac Pro (2019). Looking for an iMac you can mount on a wall or an adjustable arm? Simultaneously supports full native resolution on the built-in display at 1 billion colors and: One 5120by2880 (5K) external display at 60Hz with support for 1 billion colors, or, Two 3840-by-2160 (4K UHD) external displays at 60Hz with support for 1 billion colors, or, Two 4096by2304 (4K) external displays at 60Hz with support for millions of colors, Thunderbolt 2, HDMI, DVI, and VGA output supported using adapters (sold separately), Support for Apple iPhone headset with microphone. Get fast shipping and top-rated customer service. iMac 2019 - RAM Upgrade Mixing memory speeds is not recommended. In response to nvybvl, https://eshop.macsales.com/shop/memory/imac-2019-27-inch, Jul 15, 2019 6:14 AM in response to nvybvl FWIW, to my knowledge, with the exception of the iMac Pro, Apple has never offered the max RAM. Named #1,187 on INC 5000 . Less, User profile for user: It will be able to breeze through multithreaded functions easier and faster the more powerful its. https://eshop.macsales.com/shop/memory/imac-2019-27-inch? More to your point, going to 64GB+ with a couple of 2x32GB Samsung DRAM DIMMs would let you move to 128GB in the future at the. macOS Apple states that the newest iteration of the iMac can support up to 64GB of memory, but OWC claims that they have successfully tested this iMac to accept and use up to 128GB of RAM. I done it 3 times already. Yes No Update (10/26/2019) here the proof Was this answer helpful? Compatible with 260-pin SO-DIMM slots, this 64GB DDR4 memory upgrade comes in two 32GB modules and has a 2666 MHz clock speed, a bus speed of PC4-21300, and a low-noise, 8-layer PCB design. This is always the case. 1GB = 1 billion bytes and 1TB = 1 trillion bytes; actual formatted capacity less. Mac Pro models with 8 core processors operate memory at 2666MHz. Learn more Free next-day delivery We approximate your location from your internet IP address by matching it to a geographic region or from the location entered during your previous visit to Apple. A forum where Apple customers help each other with their products. I figure replacing 8GB of 2666 with 64GB of 2400 would have, at worst, a minor performance hit, but I would think that going from 8 to 64GB would overcome it. iMac 27 2019 Can be upgraded to i9-9900kf or i9-9900k I9-9900kf has better performance. OWC memory on Amazon: https://amzn.to/2uOyZW4Tutorial: https://9to5mac.com/2019/04/05/how-t. I'll use the machine for video work, lots of image editing in Lightroom, and architectural renderings using lumion which I will run from windows in boot camp. iMac is designed with the following features to reduce its environmental impact: Apple and the Environment OWC sells its 128GB upgrade kit which provides users with DOUBLE the. So it's not the profile. Are you sure I can put 128 GB of ram ? $796.56. When you get into these larger memory configs many apps just can't access all of it. FaceTime HD camera. 288-pin Two Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) ports with support for: Thunderbolt 2, HDMI, DVI, and VGA supported using adapters (sold separately), 10/100/1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (RJ-45 connector), Operating temperature: 50 to 95 F (10 to 35 C), Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing, Operating altitude: tested up to 10,000 feet, Radeon Pro Vega 48 with 8GB of HBM2 memory, Speaker enclosures made with 60 percent postconsumer recycled plastic, Fan assembly made with 27 percent biobased plastic. 21" i5 & i7 4K iMac uses up to 64GB of PC4-21300 266MHz DDR4 RAM. Unplug you iMac and lay it on its front. SAMSUNG: 1x 32GB: DDR4-2933: RDIMM $ 132: Buy Now: Ben Lovejoy. Refunds. Check Out Price Sale Bestseller No. 21: i3 4K iMac uses up to 64GB of PC4-19200 2400Mhz DDR4 RAM. So you can take everything you do above and beyond. Registered (R-DIMM) or Load-Reduced DIMM (LR-DIMM). FWIW, that is the option you can order from Apple. Name. Repair Guides. With built-in support for vision, hearing, mobility, and learning, you can create and do amazing things. iMac achieved a Gold rating from EPEAT in the U.S. and Canada. Kostenlos. Yes, I'm sure. I would like to tell you that I don't look for something cheap, I want performance. R-DIMMs for configurations up to 192GB (6x32GB). Similarly, can you add RAM to New MacBook Pro? There are three RAM kits. $215.00. Declared noise emission values in accordance with ECMA-109, Choose an iMac with a Built-in VESA Mount Adapter, 5120by2880 resolution with support for one billion colors. Weight varies by configuration and manufacturing process. A 64GB memory upgrade, the maximum amount of memory configurable using Apple's build-to-order tool, costs $1000. Let's say your theory is good. This item: A-Tech 64GB Kit (2x32GB) RAM for Apple iMac & Mac Mini (2018, 2019 & 2020) | DDR4 2666 MHz SODIMM PC4-21300 / PC4-21333 260-Pin SO-DIMM Memory Upgrade $259.25 Crucial MX500 1TB 3D NAND SATA 2.5 Inch Internal SSD, up to 560MB/s - CT1000MX500SSD1 $75.99 You must log in or register to reply here. OWC sells several RAM upgrade options for the 2019 5K iMac, and it was willing to send me a 128GB sample to test on video. OWC Memory Upgrades For 21.5" iMac with Retina 4K Display (2019) I would give them a call to verify they have in fact tested it and how fully. In response to nvybvl, Jul 15, 2019 6:22 AM in response to macjack This will leave 2 dims open so I can add 64 more in the future (total 128gb). 16 GB is sufficient for most people, 32 GB is power user territory, and anything more than 32 GB is overkill unless you are doing some very specific and extraordinary scientific compute, rendering, or virtualization tasks. . Just remove it. DIMMs with heatsinks are not supported and may damage the DIMM mechanism. Jul 15, 2019 7:19 AM in response to macjack 1 Adamanta 64GB (2x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020. 1x 64GB: DDR4-2933: LRDIMM $ 348: Buy Now: M393A4K40BB2CTD. Mixing R-DIMMs and LR-DIMMs will result in amemory error flash of the. Memory Cards & Readers; iMac DIY Drive Upgrade Kits; PS4 HDD Upgrade Kits; Docks. Max your iMac Intel 21.5" EMC 3195 (2019, 4K Display) with 64 GB RAM. OWC 64.0GB 4x 16GB DDR4 PC4-21300 2666MHz SO-DIMM 260 Pin Memory Upgrade Kit For 2019 iMac Models and PCs Which Utilize PC4-21300 SO-DIMM. But where can I find those informations about ram for example. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Mixing memory speeds is not recommended. Note: R-DIMMs and LR-DIMMs cannot be mixed within a system; all DIMMs in the Mac Pro (2019) must be of the same type. Jul 15, 2019 6:47 AM in response to macjack OWC - 64GB Memory - 4 x 16GB PC21300 DDR4 2666MHz SO-DIMM. Right above that you'll see the Ram compartment. More Details. Shop and Learn Open Menusection-one Close Menusection-one. Capacity: 64GB (2x32GB) SODIMM Memory Kit Type: 260-Pin DDR4 SODIMM Speed: DDR4 2666 (PC4 21300) Voltage: 1.2V DIMM Type: SODIMM Memory Rank: 2Rx8 Compatible with: Apple iMac . This iMac model features Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (SDRAM) slots on the rear of the computer near the vents with these memory specifications: Use Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Modules (SO-DIMM) that meet all of these criteria: PC4-21333 Unbuffered Nonparity 260-pin 2666MHz DDR4 SDRAM iMac (Retina 5K, 27-inch, 2017) Remove battery from mother board on 3.0 base model while installing i9-9900kf After install reinsert battery. Lokal. This memory will operate at full 2666MHz speeds in other iMac19,2 models. Skip to main content Quality Gear. Please check Startup Disk, Display, and Date & Time settings as they may have been effected by the reset. . In response to macjack, Jul 15, 2019 6:51 AM in response to macjack So, my model is: 27inch - Retina 5K - 6-core Intel Core i5 at 3,0 GHz. . In response to macjack. When you upgrade the memory in your Mac Pro, it must meet these requirements: The Mac Pro supports both R-DIMMs and LR-DIMMs, but you can't mix these two memory types. I got a great deal on a nearly new 2019 imac (base model) which a friend had sent away for repair. macOS is the operating system that powers every Mac. Simultaneously supports full native resolution on the built-in display at millions of colors (21.5-inch) or 1 billion colors (21.5-inch 4K) and: One 5120by2880 (5K) external display at 60Hz with support for 1 billion colors, or. Apple disclaims any and all liability for the acts, 1-16 of 308 results for"imac ram 64gb" RESULTS Factory Original 64GB (2x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 & 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display & 2018 Apple Mac Mini DDR4 2666Mhz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v RAM Adamanta 5.0 out of 5 stars34 $329.99$329.99 Get it as soon as Mon, Aug 1 FREE Shipping by Amazon Only 8 left in stock - order soon. Learn how to install and remove memory in your Mac Pro (2019). It may not display this or other websites correctly. Fix Your Stuff. As you upgrade your RAM, you will be able to expect better performance from your iMac Pro. Search Newegg.com for imac 27 2019 ram upgrade. Sponsored. Upgrade your Mac Pro with more original Apple memory and get a significant performance boost. Memory for Apple Mac Pro 2019. You can purchase Apple-approved memory online from the Apple Store or by visiting an Apple Retail Store or Apple Authorized Reseller. Hello . With the hinge free to move, the iMac will be unbalanced and hard to work on. It is a sub-series of the iPad line of tablets, with screen sizes of 7.9 inches and 8.3 inches. Best ram for imac 2019 - The Winners! @benlovejoy. Tool used on this step: iMac Intel 21.5" Cardboard Service Wedge. Best memory for 2020 iMac (27-inch): Our recommendation. It has all the best possible upgrades from the base configuration and is in excellent condition. Both Crucial and OWC are reliable vendors with high quality RAM. The 21" models officially support up to 32GB of RAM and the 27" models 64GB. Sharing my 2019 iMac 27" 5K Retina unboxing & knowledge on RAM upgrade to 72GB (8GB + 64GB). OWC General Servicing Kit for iMac. The last MacBook Pros that had user-upgradeable RAM were the non-Retina 2012 models. In response to macjack. Adamanta 64GB (2x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display, 2019 Apple iMac. Apple doubled the maximum memory for its mid 2020 model, allowing users to go to 128GB by adding four 32GB modules. . Early 2019 models also go from 8GB to 64GB, but they instead require 260-pin 2666MHz DDR4 SDRAM modules. . 2015 iMac, 3D Printer Extruder Upgrade Kits; Additional site navigation. $4.99. The operating system and applications are available particularly quickly with sufficient RAM thanks to random access and access times in the nanosecond range. (link please), [Image Edited by Moderator to Remove Personal Information]. Will upgrade the ram from 8gb to 64GB or maybe more. Toggle menu. iMovie, GarageBand, Pages, Numbers, and Keynote are available on the Mac App Store. Apple. I hope this inspires you to upgrade your iMac if you have not yet or maybe acquire a brand. OWC Thunderbolt Dock; About eBay; Announcements; Community; Safety Centre; Seller Centre . - Nov. 28th 2018 6:00 am PT. Do not mix R-DIMMs and LR-DIMMs. Check Out Price A 64GB memory upgrade, the maximum amount of memory configurable using Apple's build-to-order tool, costs $1000. PVC-free AC power cord available in all regions except India and South Korea. I would like to tell you that I don't look for something cheap, I want performance. Search Newegg.com for apple ram imac 2019. If you have a recent model 21.5-inch iMac and are looking to boost . Our memory upgrades are backed by a Lifetime Warranty. Save lots of money by upgrading your 2019 5K iMac's RAM yourself. Upgrade your Apple iMac memory and get Lifetime warranty Great savings Factory original memory just like Apple does @Memory.NET! $209.99. Here are my questions: Since the system has dual channel memory, there will not be any advantage to using 4x16 GB over 2x32 GB. only. For most people, 16GB will be enough, and because of that, we'd recommend the OWC 16GB DDR4 RAM kit. So this nearly ended badly! If you want to max out at 32GB, TimeTec offers it for less than the competition. Discover more about the small businesses partnering with Amazon and Amazons commitment to empowering them. 3 Timetec 32GB KIT (2x16GB) Compatible for Apple DDR4. because on apple website tell max 32GB. Adamanta 64GB (2x32GB) Memory Upgrade for 2020 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display, 2019 Apple iMac 27" w/Retina 5K Display, 2018 Apple Mac Mini DDR4 2666Mhz PC4-21300 SODIMM 2Rx8 CL19 1.2v DRAM RAM Visit the Adamanta Store 116 ratings | 14 answered questions Lowest price in 30 days -6% $24499 Was: $259.99 FREE Returns About this item 2933MHz DDR4 full-length DIMM. Other World Computing this week announced memory upgrade kits designed for the 2019 27-inch 5K iMacs, which let you upgrade your available RAM more affordably.
Bradford Doctors Accepting New Patients,
Bradford City Chairman,
Preparatory Line Drawings Of The Renaissance,
Danube City Crossword Clue,
Ancient Foreigner Crossword Clue,
Make Possible Crossword Clue 6 Letters,
Undeath Xpmsse Strange Runes Skeleton Patch,