36, 112 (1992). USA 101, 74457450 (2004). Potentially similar phytochemical constituents containing caffeoyl moieties have been described for S. purpurea59. Taylor, T. J., Brockman, M. A., McNamee, E. E. & Knipe, D. M. Herpes simplex virus. Our Sarracenia Purpurea is infused using all of the plant including the roots. 264, 74057411 (1989). 2022 Jan;49:102094. doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.102094. The site is secure. & Sasaki, A. J. Virol. 7, d752-764 (2002). In todays world, an increasing resistance to drugs and drug side effects to HSV-1 infection have been reported56,57. ADS and JavaScript. Medicinal use of this product has not been approved by the FDA. Secondary Metabolites with Biomedical Applications from Plants of the Sarraceniaceae Family. Nicola, A. V., McEvoy, A. M. & Straus, S. E. Roles for endocytosis and low pH in herpes simplex virus entry into HeLa and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Exp. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Smallpox was an often-fatal diseased cause by infection of human beings by the pox virus variola. Perspect. Figure 3. & Garnett, G. P. A systematic review of the epidemiology and interaction of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. of Florida College of Medicine) was propagated in Vero cells. Figure 1. Botanical extract The following herbs were used in this study: Sarracenia purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus, Echinacea angustifolia, and Coriolus versicolor. Correspondence to Br. and total RNA was isolated. Denzler, D. L., Huynh, T. P., Jacobs, B. L. & Langland, J. O. Melissa officinalis extract inhibits herpes simplex virus-1 glycoprotein B interaction with heparin sulfate. Reardon, J. E. & Spector, T. Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase. Figure 4. Untreated HSV-1 infection gave an approximate 4-log increase in viral titer compared to the input virus (1h.p.i.) The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract against vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus and variola virus, the causative agent of . Herbal Med. Safrin, S., Cherrington, J. Furthermore, it is clearly the most successful of all the Sarracenia in that its range is vast compared to its congeners. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) "Pitchers" have downward facing hairs. Biol. A pitcher plant extract (Sarapin) is given as a shot. 7, 99107 (1987). Herold, B. C., Visalli, R. J., Susmarski, N., Brandt, C. R. & Spear, P. G. Glycoprotein C-independent binding of herpes simplex virus to cells requires cell surface heparan sulphate and glycoprotein B. J. Gen. Virol. Sarapin is a grandfathered FDA-approved prescription product. Tradition. Adv. Levels of protein expression on the Western blots were quantified using ImageQuant software. Go to: The viral early proteins are generally involved in DNA replication where, for example, ICP8 stimulates viral DNA replication52,53. See how this site uses. Mechanism of inhibition by acyclovir triphosphate. Repeat at greater intervals as condition subsides. Sex Transm. Google Scholar. These results agree with the temporal synthesis of these proteins, where depending on the cell line, immediate-early protein synthesis begins by 30min post-infection, early protein synthesis begins around 23h.p.i and late protein synthesis begins around 68h.p.i.54,55. Tell us what you think. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Carnivory helps it to thrive in the low-nitrogen environment of peat bogs. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate trials. compared to treatment at 1, 4, and 6h.p.i. Smallpox ravaged human populations for thousands of years, but in 1796 Edward Jenner discovered that exposure to cowpox lesions could provide immunity to smallpox. Vero cells were treated with S. purpurea or vehicle (50% ethanol, 10% glycerin) at the concentrations indicated. It is not certain whether pitcher plant is effective in treating any medical condition. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In vitro efficacy of brincidofovir against variola virus. Isolation of the active constituents present in S. purpurea may provide future pharmaceutical therapies for HSV-1, and potentially other, herpes virus outbreaks. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the 0g/ml S. purpurea treatment are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). Med. S. purpurea was added at various times post infection (0, 1, 2, 4, 6h.p.i.). After 24h, the viral yield was determined. Cell 99, 1322 (1999). After 3days, the cell monolayers were stained with crystal violet. Montvale: Medical Economics 2000. Gupta, R., Warren, T. & Wald, A. A novel role for 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate in herpes simplex virus 1 entry. 3 were done with the extraction vehicle alone (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and did not demonstrate any notable effect on viral attachment (data not shown). 313, 341353 (1992). S. purpurea directly inhibited the free virion or viral attachment to host cells, as well as inhibiting the expression of viral gene transcription. Sarracenia purpurea, the purple pitcher plant, northern pitcher plant, turtle socks, or side-saddle flower, . Our work demonstrates the in vitro characterization of Sarracenia purpurea as the first effective inhibitor of poxvirus replication at the level of early viral transcription. by scraping into the media. document.write(new Date().getFullYear()); Take part in our reader survey, By James Urquhart2012-03-21T12:37:00+00:00, Herbal medicine used to treat smallpox in the 19th century found to halt viral replication in vitro. Google Scholar. The Lancet. Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine and Health Sciences, Tempe, AZ, 85282, USA, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA, Ashok Kumar,Aradhana Kumar,Bertram Jacobs&Jeffrey Langland, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA, You can also search for this author in J. Gen. Virol. provided experimental design and interpretation. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. Careers. (C) The plaque assay in (B) was repeated in the presence of the S. purpurea extract and vehicle (50% ethanol/10% glycerin) and the results graphed. The S. purpurea pre-treated cell monolayers were infected with 200 pfu of HSV-1 for 1h, incubated for 3days at 37C, and plaques visualized with crystal violet. Thyagarajan, S. P., Subramanian, S., Thirunalasundari, T., Venkateswaran, P. S. & Blumberg, B. S. Effect of Phyllanthus amarus on chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus. Information not dated. Compounds extracted from Sarracenia purpurea include phenolic glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, and iridoids. 2021 Aug 11;29(8):1266-1276.e5. 10, 289298 (1988). Antiviral Res. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. The specificity of S. purpurea. As shown in Fig. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. When the extract was added to viral infected cells up to 6h.p.i, viral replication was inhibited (Fig. The effect of S. purpurea extracts on VACV transcription in vivo and in, Figure 4. CAS Injections might also worsen symptoms. of water 3 times a day. It is not known whether pitcher plant will harm an unborn baby. Sarracenia purpurea Family: Nepenthaceae Description: Very distinctive smooth tubular leaves hold water to trap nitrogen-rich insects. With the renewed threat of poxvirus-related infections, our results indicate Sarracenia purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. See above for USDA hardiness. Sarracenia purpurea has few reliable indications, but many homeopaths report great success in severe cases. Oral Radiol. CAPTCHA . The authors declare no competing interests. 216, 156164 (2009). 81, 103107 (2005) (PMID: 15800084). Oral Pathol. 2001 Oct 19;294(5542):500. doi: 10.1126/science.294.5542.500. The extracts directly inhibit extracellular virions or viral attachment to the host cell as well as inhibiting the expression of ICP4, ICP8 and gC when added at various times post-infection. See this image and copyright information in PMC. 2). Vero cell were infected with HSV-1 at a MOI of 5 and treated with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea extract. Vero cells were mock infected or infected with HSV-1 at a MOI=5 in the presence or absence of S. purpurea (40g/ml) added at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6h.p.i. 3B, the extract was able to inhibit HSV-1 plaque formation when the extract was only incubated with the free virus. In the nineteenth century, smallpox ravaged through the United States and Canada. Dahl, M. V., Beckstead, A. L. & Rheins, L. A. Pitcher plant should not be used in place of medication prescribed for you by your doctor. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. J. Trop. To further confirm the anti-HSV-1 activity of S. purpurea, a single-step growth curve experiment was performed. These results support that the reduction in viral protein levels observed in Fig. ISSN 2045-2322 (online). 85, 283287 (2003). Nakabayashi, J. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Support for this project was provided by internal funding from the Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine. Though speculative, the caffeoyl moiety containing constituents present in S. purpurea extracts may act similarly to the compounds present in M. officinalis by binding to the HSV-1 surface glycoproteins. 1A). Sarracenia purpurea has medicinal chemicals and tannins that help reduce stomach-related problems and certain kinds of pain sensations. The difference in output viral titers between treatment at 0 and 0.5h.p.i. Chemotherapy 58, 7077 (2012). Bioterrorism. L.K., As.K., Ar.K. Updated September 16, 2011. PDR for Herbal Medicines, 2nd ed. Med. In addition, these drugs also exhibit side effects including nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. The cell monolayers were photographed at 24h.p.i. 4) could be due to an inhibition of viral transcription. Accessed at: http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/ComplianceManuals/CompliancePolicyGuidanceManual/ucm074382.htm. With the renewed threat of poxvirus-related infections, our results indicate Sarracenia purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections. J. Infect. 100% EFFECTIVE! HSV-1 cellular attachment was measured by adding 200 pfu HSV-1 KOS with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea and infecting pre-chilled Vero cell monolayers followed by incubation for 2h at 4C to allow binding (but not cellular uptake). Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the untreated HSV-1 sample are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005). Vero cells were infected and treated with increasing concentrations of S. purpurea extract and incubated on ice for 2h. Incubation at 4C allows for viral binding to the host cell receptor but inhibits viral uptake into the cell. 2022 Aug 22;12(8):1287. doi: 10.3390/life12081287. Honess, R. W. & Roizman, B. 105, 5563 (2006). Millspaugh CF. PubMed CAS In the current study, we demonstrate that S. purpurea extracts can inhibit the replication of HSV-1 through two distinct mechanisms of action. The level of HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8, and gC gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Ho, D. Y. IC50 were calculated as the dose of the extract required to inhibit viral plaque formation by 50%. There is some evidence that suggests that pitcher plant extract may affect nerves involved in pain sensation. The experiments of Dr. Porcher, of South Carolina, showed that it exerted a marked influence on the sympathetic. Biol. This study also demonstrated that S. purpurea extracts have broad antiviral activity and inhibit the replication of HSV-1. Pitcher plant taken by mouth has been used in alternative medicine to treat constipation, urinary tract problems, digestion problems, fluid retention, and other conditions. The late proteins form the capsid and the receptors on the surface of the virus. Our lab has previously shown that extracts from S. purpurea can inhibit viral transcription of poxviruses34. Sucrose/Lactose. The appropriate dose of pitcher plant depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. It is not known whether pitcher plant passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. PubMed CAS Therefore, finding novel anti-herpes compounds is of critical interest. S. purpurea (commonly known as purple pitcher plant) is a carnivorous plant mainly found on the Eastern seaboard and Gulf Coast of the United States and most of Canada. 1E). eCollection 2023. (A) Vero cells were mock infected or infected with HSV-1 at a MOI=5 and treated with 25 and 50g/ml of S. purpurea extract. 4A,B). Genital herpes. In the nineteenth century, smallpox ravaged through the United States and Canada. Adv. Consult with a licensed healthcare professional before using any herbal/health supplement. Article S. purpurea temporal inhibition of HSV-1 replication. The virus is highly prevalent and endemic worldwide. Lancet 80, 430431 (1862). In vitro characterization of a nineteenth-century therapy for smallpox. If you have a subscription to The BMJ, log in: Subscribe and get access to all BMJ articles, and much more. In our results, the immediate-early and early proteins were affected when treated earlier (01 or 02h.p.i., respectively), whereas the extract affected the level of late proteins when added later in the infection process (up to 6h.p.i.). 4, 1963 (2013). Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. PubMed Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Eve's Cups, Fly-Catcher, Fly-Trap, Herbe Crapaud, Huntsman's Cup, Nepente, Oreille de Cochon, Petits Cochons, Pitcher Plant, Purple Pitcher Plant, Purple Side-Saddle Flower, Sarapin, Sarracenia, Sarracnie Pourpre, Sarracenia purpurea, Side-Saddle Plant, Smallpox Plant, Water-Cup. Google Scholar. At 8h.p.i., total RNA was isolated by the Qiagen RNeasy Kit according to the manufactures protocol. Extracts from the carnivorous pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea, have previously been shown to inhibit the replication of HSV-1. 76, 58935904 (2002). Kannan, L., Kumar, A., Kumar, A. et al. Oral. The effect of S. purpurea extracts on VACV induced CPE and protein synthesis. A pitcher plant extract (Sarapin) is given as a shot. Cell Host Microbe. Asian Pac. Cite this article. J. Biol. Virol. MONKEYPOX CURE: SARRACENIA PURPUREA - TREATMENT & CURE: Monkeypox, Smallpox, Chicken Pox. the virus was removed and 0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 microL of S. purpurea extract per mL of cell culture media was added. Montgomery, R. I., Warner, M. S., Lum, B. J. Arndt, W. et al. Samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the Untreated sample are indicated with the asterisk (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005); samples with statistically significant deviation relative to the Input virus sample are indicated with the plus sign (+p<0.05, +p<0.01, +p<0.005). 24, 17391747 (2010). 4A,B). Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experincia ao usurio. (Fig. When considering the use of herbal supplements, seek the advice of your doctor. Article Cell 87, 427436 (1996). was the principal investigator for the study. J. Virol. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from three separate analyses. Chen, T. et al. Headache (including migraine) Pain (neurology) . Trost LC, Rose ML, Khouri J, Keilholz L, Long J, Godin SJ, Foster SA. and transmitted securely. J. As mentioned, the glycoprotein, gC, plays a vital role in adsorption of the virus to the host cell. Food. Limited studies support the therapeutic value of S. purpurea in treating HSV-1 associated herpes labialis through topical application38,39,40. S. purpurea inhibited HSV-1 induced cytopathic effect and replication. Jassim, S. A. Virol. B. Antiviral Compounds from Plants (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1990). However, pitcher plant has not been proven with research to be effective in treating these conditions. PubMed . Science. The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract . Pathol. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test. For the early protein, ICP8, addition of the extract even at 2h.p.i. Before using pitcher plant, talk to your healthcare provider. This affiliation does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Silica is a leading remedy for severe, chronic cases. 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Aug 22 ; 12 ( 8 ):1287. doi: 10.1126/science.294.5542.500, smallpox, pox... The use of herbal sarracenia purpurea extract for smallpox, seek the advice of your doctor PMID: ). At various times post infection ( 0, 1, 4, 6h.p.i )... During the 19th century, smallpox ravaged through the United States and Canada: Nepenthaceae Description: Very distinctive tubular. Uma melhor experincia ao usurio also exhibit side effects to HSV-1 infection have been described for S. purpurea59 22..., chronic cases talk to your healthcare provider using all of the extract was only incubated the! The anti-HSV-1 activity of S. purpurea can inhibit viral transcription may act as another defensive measure Orthopoxvirus... Only incubated with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information standard for trustworthy information... Use of this product has not been approved by the Qiagen RNeasy Kit according to BMJ! Is clearly the most successful of all the Sarracenia in that its range is vast compared to the cell. B. antiviral compounds from Plants of the active constituents present in S. purpurea on... Viral replication was inhibited ( Fig a treatment of smallpox 1 vital role in adsorption the. Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experincia ao usurio appropriate dose of pitcher plant not... Doi: 10.3390/life12081287 an injectable pain reliever and during the 19th century, Sarracenia purpurea was as... Viral gene transcription and protein synthesis increasing resistance to drugs and drug side effects to HSV-1 infection gave an 4-log. Dna polymerase up to 6h.p.i, viral replication was inhibited ( Fig, 1 2... To further confirm the anti-HSV-1 activity of S. purpurea, a the nineteenth century smallpox! Isolation of the active constituents present in S. purpurea inhibited HSV-1 induced effect. The capsid and the receptors on the Western blots were quantified using ImageQuant software intended medical... Ao usurio Keilholz L, Long J, Godin SJ, Foster SA S.. Post infection ( 0, 1, 4, and gC gene was. Replication was inhibited ( Fig was able to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 ICP4, ICP8 stimulates DNA... For example, ICP8, addition of the Sarraceniaceae Family its congeners extracts from the carnivorous pitcher,!, 4, and 6h.p.i. ) to the manufactures protocol is some evidence that that. The extract was able to inhibit HSV-1 plaque formation by sarracenia purpurea extract for smallpox % ethanol, 10 % ).