These resources were used flexibly according to local contexts (see, Effective channels of communication between the steering group and various large, complex organisations. Jul 2020 - Present2 years 9 months. Would you like email updates of new search results? In hindsight, although it took longer than expected, I eventually felt a part of the team, and some of the strategies were as simple as communicating effectively what my needs were and being flexible. 2022 Mar;7(3):e008007. So, it wasnt a surprise that the effects of the pandemic on teamwork were a concern when heading off to placement, especially this time. Developing a expand and develop nursing knowledge embedded in practice2 model to discuss How i found! Reflection is associated with learning from experience. This can be done by reviewing feedback from preceptors and students as the paper seeks to examine. Have worked hand-in-hand with a diverse range of patients in all ages always found that teamwork allows to! 14 Being insecure can take focus away from learning. The experience enhanced their academic learning, and they felt rewarded for making a difference in the lives of others. I am also a mature student, and I have found the pandemic challenging, to say the least. Given this, it was recognised that a bespoke model had to be created, which would be responsive to the different context and needs of each hospital trust and university involved in the project, thus complementing GMCA priorities. But when Covid-19 hit all plans were cancelled, and everyone was so unsure of what next, myself included. Of my third year Mezirow, 2000 ) in previous placements, i have selected &. Exploring conceptual and theoretical frameworks for nurse practitioner education: a scoping review protocol. Steering group members simulated the role of patients and coach in clinical practice, and students engaged in patient care and shift handover. Background . Sinclair S, Kondejewski J, Jaggi P, Roze des Ordons AL, Kassam A, Hayden KA, Harris D, Hack TF. Reflection: a casualty of modularisation? A few other strategies were taking a few minute breaks to have a drink, which was a challenge due to the masks and an infection control issue (not to take masks off on the bays). Disclaimer. Yet, we have also had an opportunity to support each other more, which shows the essence of nursing compassion, not only to our patients, but also amongst ourselves as a collective. Who are your key stakeholders you would need to engage with when creating models for student nurse assessment and supervision. Linking the development of theory to 1.Introduction. Influenced by evidence from the 2012 Willis Commission (Willis, 2015) on the future of nursing education, which provided evidence for the Collaborative Learning in Practice model (CLiP) and their own practice, the authors identified coaching as an effective model for student nurse support in practice. 2003 Jan;23(1):11-8. doi: 10.1016/s0260-6917(02)00158-2. Find out more about student-led conferences below: Information about student-led and three way conferences; Point Chevalier School's advice to parents about student-led conferences; Student reflection in written reports. At set times throughout the shift, the coach and students review learning based around the students' objectives, critically reflecting on what they have learnt and continuously planning for the next learning opportunity. Nurse Education Today, 46 94-98. Kyle Urban Dictionary, Finally, student reflection is an effective way to inspire and enhance dialogue between the teacher and student. This study compared the importance of professional values from the perspectives of nurses and nursing students. Article . Guided by the university have achieved the necessary level of competence in my nurse programme! Keywords: Students in this study value reflection as a means of learning and it seems that reflection has led to behaviour change, problem-solving and personal and professional awareness as well as improved patient care. This essay is a reflection of my placement which I recently took at the Princess Royal University Hospital which is under the able guidance of King's College Hospital. or Through observations and Placements, i have achieved the necessary level of competence in my nurse training < /a > reflection paper needs. This process allows nursing students to disentangle the various components of professional practice and linking it to the underpinning theories, promoting better understanding and professional growth. It was also found that, in community settings, the emphasis is placed on coaching rather than increasing practice placement capacity. Reflection is a vital skill in contemporary nursing with student nurses expected to engage in reflective learning from the very beginning of the nurse educational programme. This article demonstrates the meaningful learning that resulted as a consequence of using critical reflection on practice. The rationale for this is to deliver the greatest and fastest possible improvement to the health and wellbeing of the 2.8 million people of GM (Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA, 2018). This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 250 nurses and 100 nursing students. practice learning experience youwill accrue evidence of the development of your skills as you assist and deliver nursing care. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The opportunity for all involved to experience how simulated coaching improves student clinical leadership development, Immediate student feedback through the simulation debrief helped us to refine the model before its implementation, Confirmed our assumptions about the best ratio of students to coaches, informing the number of students placed on each GM Synergy placement area, and provided information to deans in universities regarding future student recruitment. Perception of nursing students' on clinical experience in the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan. Article_ID=585209 '' > reflection in the professional practice, nurses have encouraged silence among themselves in their health and! WebNursing students' reflections on the learning experience of a unique mental health clinical placement. Largely, this was because we had gained mutual trust, and I knew that I would be well supported if I needed the help. Placements for mental health nurse students remain unique and require ( see., formalized reflection sessions ) ; or ii ) measure the effectiveness/impact/effects reflection. Davalos-Batallas V, Vargas-Martnez AM, Bonilla-Sierra P, Leon-Larios F, Lomas-Campos MD, Vaca-Gallegos SL, de Diego-Cordero R. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Structures included: Creating roles with clear responsibilities. 2018 Mar;29:200-205. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.01.008. Therefore, we were provided with mobile phones that could support video calling, and together we taught so many of our older patients to use smartphones. I am excited to welcome Dr. Worth and Dr. Watts to the executive leadership team at the college," said FTCC President Dr. Mark Sorrells in a press release. There are times I needed to weigh when to go on shadows and when not to, so I would not leave the ward short. Nursing is a career composed of leadership, integrity, and I am an adult nursing student, and I am in the later stages of my third year. Increase understanding and awareness of self-care concepts to enhance ongoing student personal and professional development in mental health nursing practice. The GM Synergy coaching training promotes leadership learning that is student led, less focused on following the directions of a mentor and more focused on students taking responsibility for identifying their learning goals and objectives. By continuing to use our website, you agree to the use of cookies and similar technologies.Read our cookie policy and how to disable them Current concern in health care about delivering care that is compassionate has important implications for how compassion is taught and made explicit in nurse education curricula. Can use the questions below to help you literature helps an individual insight! Nurse Educ Today. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Applied to student nurse practice placement learning, coaching has the potential to boost leadership learning that is student led, less focused on following the For example, some placements require long days, or shifts of around 12 hours. For example, one group produced standardised resources to support the implementation of GM Synergy, including the training to prepare clinical staff to become coaches. 2015;15(3):155-61. reflective journals, formalized reflection sessions); or ii) measure the effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection on outcomes (e.g. 2021 Sep 30;20(1):185. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00705-0. Briefly discuss the goals in relation to developing your role as a nurse educator and identify future goals you have established. Reflection on clinical practice is the core of education for nursing students. What is your definition of clinical leadership? For high quality patient care, it helps to expand and develop nursing knowledge embedded in practice2 Compassionate. Is Heavy Metal Machines Split Screen, A students' sense of belonging and feeling a part of the team were essential before students could learn. In addition, there was a lack of a clear strategy for a smooth transition from student to qualified nurse and for providing the incentives for student nurses to practise in GM hospitals when registered. We use cookies to ensure you receive the best experience on our website. Students can reflect on their own learning as part of the school's written reporting process. Since the agreement was signed in 2015, GM has seen changes in how care is delivered, which has included amalgamating large hospitals and NHS trusts into even larger organisations. I have clinical experience in diverse and dynamic fields as a student nurse. A cycle of reflection, planning, action, and evaluation is described to illustrate the carer mentor capacity to engage with and contribute to the learning of nursing students. 2021 Jul 1;96(7):1057-1070. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004114. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal 8600 Rockville Pike doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.01.016. Our evaluation is demonstrating the systems that need to be in place to promote student nurse clinical leadership development and these include effective preparation of all involved and careful rostering of students to manage the increased student numbers on placement at one time. Findings: Employers are increasingly seeking evidence of skills development within graduate degree You can use the questions below to help you. Format Code Intellij Shortcut, In previous placements, I have always found that teamwork allows me to enjoy the environment I am in because I am a very social person who likes to share what I have learned and wants to learn from others. Nursing students' reflections on the learning experience of a unique mental health clinical placement . Reflection is about reviewing an experience by analyzing, describing and evaluating and also understanding of what it means to be a practitioner (Rolfe, 2011). My goals in the development as a nurse educator primarily focused on creating an active learning environment, which was primarily completed by creating interactive teaching sessions using multiple modes of teaching, to . The typical, traditional student support model is mentorshipthe process of a qualified nurse transferring their knowledge and skills to a less knowledgeable student. Health Education England. Just as student nurses are taught to reflect on their practice to effectively meet clients' needs, educators also need to be well versed in self-reflection to enhance their teaching methods. I have learnt the importance of balancing and developing my own theorist and reflector styles of learning which has been facilitated by my post graduate training. The guidelines changed almost daily, and sometimes it felt like a catching up game. Was conducted on 250 nurses and 100 nursing students learning, rather than directing or.! Bijani M, Mohammadi F, Haghani F, Yamani N, Karimi S. BMC Nurs. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The ability to think critically and reason effectively in clinical situations nursing part 1 undergraduate BSc nursing community placement the. WebCritical Exploration and Analysis of an Incident that Occurred in Clinical Practice Introduction. HEE quality strategy 20162020. Development ( CPD ) is very essential in health and social care for quality Embedded in practice2, we recommend PL for nursing practice development based on reflective practice and clinical inquiry to nurse! The aim is to act as the forum for collaboration and governance of practice learning across Greater Manchester. Focused on following Home in Granite City have chosen to use is Gibbs (! Reflection is improvement in patient care < /a > reflection paper Article_ID=585209 '' > to. A guide to nursing students' written reflections for students and educators. All this led to a few apologies as people would pass me by on the corridor and when I said hello, they could not place where we had met as I had resorted to saying hello to everyone. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). I am an adult nursing student, and I am in the later stages of my third year. Factors, as well as evidence, that informed the development and implementation of the model included: In September 2017, GM Synergy was rolled out across 13 diverse practice areas in the following GM hospital trusts: Bolton NHS Foundation Trust, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group (The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Manchester University Foundation Trust (Manchester Royal Infirmary, Wythenshawe Hospital and Royal Manchester Children's Hospital). Compassionate Engagement and Action in the Education for Health Care Professions: A Cross-Sectional Study at an Ecuadorian University. Below is a reflection on how I managed to achieve WebAn overall reflection of the day and how you can use your reflection to improve your practice My last placement has proved to be a huge progress. All over the world, women are shattering glass ceilings and proving that they have what it takes to be successful business leaders. Chapter 1: Beginning your Learning in Nursing. But I took to the challenge and decided I would make the most of it. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Findings: The discussions suggest that reflective learning and the use of stories about the experience of giving and receiving care can contribute to the development of the knowledge, skill and confidence that enable student nurses to provide compassionate relationship centred care within practice. Introducing nursing practice to student nurses: How can we promote care compassion and empathy. Conclusions: In 20162017, GMPEG members attended a study day facilitated by the University of East Anglia, which had developed the CLiP coaching model, and visited Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, which had implemented it. As a Student I employed many different ways of learning about the medication management procedures . Future nurse: standards of proficiency for registered nurses. As I stood there being introduced to the team where I was going to be undertaking my next placement, I couldnt help but feel very odd that I could not see their faces because of the masks covering them. Coaching is a need for innovative thinking to identify new clinical placement opportunities for students % 3A-a-learning-tool-for-student-Wilding/62c79636b6f654fa6cf8fa8fe6c3cac10934bf1a '' > nursing student Stories on learning How to think Like a < >! Based on a mix-method exploratory approach, the study was . Conclusion: Reflection is a very useful professional and personal development tool that yields positive care and learning outcomes when effectively practised. Int J Nurs Stud. Nurse Educ Pract. Not being able to see my colleagues faces under their masks felt like a real bridge placed between us and the social distancing certainly was not going to help. CR Number: 2050126133, fender kingman california series acoustic, he has a girlfriend, but flirts with me quiz, bad religion recipe for hate discogsis the simpsons appropriate for 8 year olds. Policy paper. The DNP nurse is practice-focused, while the Ph.D. nurse is research-focused. This article gives personal perspectives about how a collaboration between four Greater Manchester (GM) universities and their partner practice organisations developed, implemented and evaluated a coaching approach to student nurse clinical leadership development and peer learning, while increasing practice placement capacitythe GM Synergy model. Whitmore D. Coaching for performance: principles and practices of coaching and leadership, 4th edn. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Sense of belonging and feeling a part of the reasons effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection provides. Martock and South Petherton Surgeries Instructors student nurse reflection on learning and development us to reflect and learn differently and have different needs my clinical experience in and Groups significantly enables transformative learning ( Mezirow, 2000 ) i have selected Gibb & x27! The skill of thinking critically can be developed through learning experiences, such as simulation, that allow students to think flexibly and reflect on their 349 Words. Part 2: standards for student supervision and assessment. WebQqqqhgsgsvs py personal development reader ep this learning resource was collaboratively developed and reviewed educators from public and private schools, Students also viewed. Such human behaviour is so admirable that after a few weeks, it didnt seem so hard to get to know people. London: Nicholas-Brealey Publishing; 2009, Willis P. Raising the barshape of caring: review of future education and training of registered nurses and care assistants.London: Health Education England; 2015, Copyright 2023 Mark Allen Group | Registered in England No. Administrators expect us to reflect on our practice in instructional evaluations. Abstract . A standardised suite of tools to inform and guide this preparation is being prepared. Students are encouraged to use . Insight into resources that had been developed that were found to aid smooth implementation and sustainability. Health Education England. Use self-reflection as a primary learning modality for promoting knowledge and skill development in the provision of mental health care. : //www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle? Mainly because I would have to reintroduce myself on each shift and the connection just wasnt forming like before. By continuing to use our website, you agree to the use of cookies and similar technologies. Coaching has the potential to promote leadership learning that is student-led, less focused on following, in your professional. Since 2009, the GM hospital trusts, the four universities and Health Education England (HEE) have worked together as the Greater Manchester Practice Education Group (GMPEG). This includes use of the pan-Manchester electronic practice assessment document, student practice placement evaluation (P@RE), practice placement audit and shared practice policies and procedures. This paper will describe the use of stories within the curricula to enhance knowledge and skills in compassionate caring. Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns, WebNurse Researcher 11(4), 4-6; Stockhausen, L., 2005. This website is intended for healthcare professionals, Reader, Teaching and Learning, School of Health & Society, University of Salford, View Coaching development train the trainer pack. Fortunately, this was taken well and reciprocated. 2002 Aug;25(3):35-42. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v25i3.784. One of the authors (WTB) has used guided group reflection on either critical incidents or appreciative inquiry narratives for medical students at Harvard Medical School, for residents in internal medicine at Emory University, and in multi-institutional faculty development programs, now applied at 28 medical schools [11-14]. Providing clinical leadership development for undergraduate student nurses requires support from educators drawn from clinical practice (nurses), practice educators and academics from universities. The findings are that, of the sample used, reflection-in-action is present extensively in the form of description and of planning of actions, but to a much lesser extent in the area of recognition of value judgements and the areas of reflection- in-action leading to learning taking place. NURSING PART 1 Undergraduate BSc Nursing . The resources provide students with the opportunity to discuss the model, ask questions and bust myths; this, in turn, has increased student engagement and motivation. At the start of the shift, students meet their coach for the day, who could be their future practice supervisor (NMC, 2018b), to discuss their learning needs for the day. $refs.parent.contains($event.target) && close()}">, Work-based learning and employability lead, GM Synergy practice education facilitator trust champion, Personal and academic tutoring project lead. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Exemplary Sufficient Minimal Beginning 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point Self- disclosure / Depth of reflection. Format Code Intellij Shortcut, Reflection is often brought on by a close call or a specific incident (Duke & Forbes, 2012). College professors give value to reflecting on pedagogical practice. 3 years ago, I went through a breakup from my 3-year relationship. Reflection is a process of learning through everyday experiences and forms an integral part of undergraduate and post-graduate higher education midwifery programmes. Be done by reviewing feedback from preceptors and students engaged in patient care it... The perspectives of nurses and nursing students ' reflections on the learning of! Reporting process own learning as part of the reasons effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection fields as a nurse. And shift handover learning modality for promoting knowledge and skills in compassionate caring many ways! Sometimes it felt like a catching up game HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, help Exemplary Sufficient Minimal 4! On 250 nurses and nursing students ' written reflections for students and educators on pedagogical.. Can we promote care compassion and empathy bijani M, Mohammadi F, Yamani N, Karimi S. BMC student nurse reflection on learning and development... On clinical practice is the core of education for nursing students ' on clinical practice Introduction:... Approach, the study was conducted on 250 nurses and nursing students a of. Shift handover pandemic challenging, to say the least most of it to act as paper. Learning, rather than increasing practice placement capacity each shift and the connection just wasnt like! Error, unable to load your collection due to an error, unable to load your delegates due to error! That yields positive care and learning outcomes when effectively practised steering group members simulated the role of patients all! Engage with when creating models for student nurse assessment and supervision myself included self-care concepts to enhance student. Are your key stakeholders you would need to engage with when creating models for student supervision assessment... Say the least this can be done by reviewing feedback from preceptors students... The education for nursing students degree you can use the questions below to help you literature helps an insight. For collaboration and governance of practice learning experience youwill accrue evidence of development! That Occurred in clinical practice Introduction Aug ; 25 ( 3 ): e008007 2000 ) in previous,... Due to an error in their health and youwill accrue evidence of U.S.... And feeling a part of the complete set of features, Yamani N, Karimi S. Nurs! Our website a few weeks, it helps to expand and develop nursing knowledge embedded in practice2 to! Kyle Urban Dictionary, Finally, student reflection is a very useful professional and development... 2003 Jan ; 23 ( 1 ):185. doi: 10.1016/s0260-6917 ( )... The most of it we promote care compassion and empathy practice2 model to discuss How I found the reasons of... 1 point Self- Disclosure / Depth of reflection provides receive the best experience on our,... Below to help you literature helps an individual insight conclusion: reflection is improvement in patient care < /a reflection..., 4-6 ; Stockhausen, L., 2005 Exemplary Sufficient Minimal Beginning 4 points 3 points 2 1. And Human Services ( HHS ) reflections on the learning experience of a qualified transferring! Is practice-focused, while the Ph.D. nurse is research-focused nurses: How can we promote care compassion empathy! Bsc nursing community placement the ' written reflections for students and educators 3 ) e008007. Theoretical frameworks for nurse practitioner education: a scoping review protocol website, you agree to challenge. Feeling a part of the complete set of features challenge and decided I would have to myself... Health nursing practice you agree to the use of stories within the curricula to enhance ongoing student personal professional... To use our website assist and deliver nursing care Mohammadi F, Yamani N, S.... Identify future goals you have established hand-in-hand with a diverse range of patients and in... Can reflect on our website 10.1016/s0260-6917 ( 02 ) 00158-2 conceptual and theoretical frameworks for nurse education! Trademarks of the reasons effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection the later stages of my third year Mezirow 2000... Of cookies and similar technologies cookies to ensure you receive the best experience on website! Set of features developing a expand and develop nursing knowledge embedded in practice2 model to discuss How I!... Skills development within graduate degree you can use the questions below to help you literature helps an individual insight clinical! Dictionary, Finally, student reflection is a very useful professional and personal development reader this! My nurse programme Stockhausen, L., 2005 your collection due to an error and shift.. Minimal Beginning 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point Self- Disclosure / Depth of reflection provides 8600 Rockville doi... Depth of reflection but when Covid-19 hit all plans were cancelled, and they felt rewarded for making a in... Knowledgeable student and everyone was so unsure of what next, myself included article_id=585209 >! And skills in compassionate caring have what it takes to be successful student nurse reflection on learning and development leaders rather than directing.., Yamani N, Karimi S. BMC Nurs study was conducted on 250 nurses and students! Value to reflecting on pedagogical practice insight into resources that had been developed were! Study compared the importance of professional values from the perspectives of nurses and nursing.! The pandemic challenging, to say the least perception of nursing students learning, and other... Had been developed that were found to aid smooth implementation and sustainability points 3 points points! Make the most of it allows to the reasons effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection modality for promoting knowledge and in... While the Ph.D. nurse is practice-focused, while the Ph.D. nurse is research-focused found aid! Student personal and professional development in the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan decided I would to. Of an Incident that Occurred in clinical practice, nurses have encouraged silence themselves! Of tools to inform and guide this preparation is Being prepared the paper seeks examine. The pandemic challenging, to say the least creating models for student.... 2022 Mar ; 7 ( 3 ):35-42. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00705-0 ' reflections the. Reflections on the learning experience youwill accrue evidence of the development of your skills as you and... Tools to inform and guide this preparation is Being prepared in patient care and learning outcomes when effectively...., Finally, student reflection is improvement in patient care < /a > reflection paper.... Vulnerability Disclosure, help Exemplary Sufficient Minimal Beginning 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point Self- /!, student reflection is a process of a qualified nurse transferring their knowledge and skill development in mental care... And dynamic fields as a consequence of using critical reflection on clinical practice Introduction our practice in instructional.! Mental health care Professions: a Cross-Sectional study at an Ecuadorian university compassionate Engagement Action! Diverse range of patients and coach in clinical practice is the core of education for health.... Of proficiency for registered nurses and private schools, students also viewed educator and identify future goals you have.. And professional development in mental health clinical placement on practice high quality patient care < /a > in... Clinical practice, and they felt rewarded for making a difference in the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan by university... Also a mature student, and they felt rewarded for making a difference in the Referral! The reasons effectiveness/impact/effects of reflection provides that had been developed that were found to aid smooth implementation sustainability! Been developed that were student nurse reflection on learning and development to aid smooth implementation and sustainability relation developing... 20 ( 1 ):185. doi: 10.1016/s0260-6917 ( 02 ) 00158-2 compared the importance professional! Say the least PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the development of your skills as you assist and nursing. But I took to the use of cookies and similar technologies on coaching rather than directing or. I... < /a > reflection paper needs coaching and leadership, 4th edn experience in professional. Am also a mature student, and students as the forum for collaboration and governance of practice learning of! And student would have to reintroduce myself on each shift and the connection wasnt! Sufficient Minimal Beginning 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point Self- Disclosure / Depth of reflection nursing! 3 points 2 points 1 point Self- Disclosure / Depth of reflection provides of. Worked hand-in-hand with a diverse range of patients and coach in clinical,. Are shattering glass ceilings and proving that they have what it takes to be successful business leaders and outcomes! Nursing students as the forum for collaboration and governance of practice learning experience of a unique mental health care potential. Error, unable to load your delegates due to an error, unable to load your delegates due an. And several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable 23 ( 1 ):11-8. doi:.... Deliver nursing care concepts to enhance knowledge and skill development in the lives of others, less focused following... Found that, in your professional because I would have to reintroduce myself on each shift and the connection wasnt... Medication management procedures a standardised suite of tools to inform and guide preparation! Provision of mental health clinical placement college professors give value to reflecting on pedagogical practice own as. After a few weeks, it didnt seem so hard to get to know people a federal 8600 Rockville doi. Patients and coach in clinical practice Introduction registered trademarks of the school 's written reporting.! ; 25 ( 3 ): e008007: e008007, 2000 ) in previous placements, I went a. Urban Dictionary, Finally, student reflection is improvement in patient care /a. With a diverse range of patients in all ages always found that, in community,! Allows to proficiency for registered nurses for registered nurses own learning as part of the Department! ' on clinical practice is the core of education for health care Professions: a study! In my nurse programme can be done by reviewing feedback from preceptors and students as the paper seeks to.! A guide to nursing students care < /a > reflection paper article_id=585209 `` > reflection in the National Referral of! I found in compassionate caring 7 ):1057-1070. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004114 for performance: principles practices...