Like many of the men going over to Vietnam to serve their country, young women from all over the nation volunteered to serve as nurses in the hospitals and medical facilities in South Vietnam. 3rd Field Hospital, Saigon Cayetano E. Barrera Identifier r3-04235-0006_0068 Creation Date 1-1-1967 Description Color photograph. Fellow Vietnam combat medic Roger Buchta said medics also learned how to treat shock and administer an IV, as well as basic anatomy. The main virtues of the field hospital have always been its mobility and the ability of its team to resuscitate and operate on battle casualties, near the front line. Vets make up 9.7% of their generation. Other people who became medics volunteered. please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. Many soldiers encountered one particular health issue while stationed on bases further out. The use of helicopters allowed wounded soldiers or Marines to reach hospitals much faster than in previous wars. That was it. The Air Force then dedicated several C-118 airplanes for aeromedical evacuation. By the time that the USNSGeiger arrived with the unit's equipment and the majority of its personnel six days later, the members of this advance team had completed a design plan for the site and begun construction of an access road with assistance from the Seabees. During the Gulf War, in October 1990 the 5th MASH, 44th Medical Brigade, XVIII Airborne Corps, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, deployed to Saudi Arabia and was the first fully functional Army Hospital in country. The war in Vietnam has always been a source of controversy and anger to Americans--both for the reasons it was fought, and its outcome and consequences. An Army documentary filmed during the war (which you can find on YouTube) shows nurses shopping, reading, visiting the hair salon, writing letters, playing with civilian orphans and training the Vietnamese Womens Army Corps in their spare time. (middle three). Hospital personnel adapted, finding that the combined operation of a tent evacuation hospital and a Medical Unit, Self-contained, Transportable (MUST) operating room was feasible. Item Description Item Description. However, Cromwell noted, some soldiers felt that staying quiet and losing a toe was a small price to pay for escaping back to the U.S. As well as caring for American soldiers, the medics treated South Vietnamese villagers and even prisoners of war. The nurses served in the hospital ships of the Navy, the airlift helicopters and airplanes of the Air Force and the hospitals and field hospitals of the Army. I was drafted at age 19 and served in Vietnam from September 1969 to September 1970 with Company C, 1st Battalion, 46th Infantry Regiment, 196th-198th Light Infantry Brigade, 23rd Infantry Division (Americal). Sometimes 60 wounded or dead would arrive simultaneously, and about 15 nurses and doctors on duty had to make quick decisions about which of the wounded they could save and which they could not. On the plus side, nurses enjoyed far greater authority and autonomy than in any civilian setting. [1] It was activated at Fort Warren, Cheyenne, Wyoming, 1 June 1941. Find out more about saving to your Kindle. Virginia, and arrived with the 17th Field Hospital, Saigon, in March 1966. Among the recipients was Thomas Bennett, who was killed in February 1969 while trying to save a wounded soldier during heavy fire. The war took a heavy toll on the Vietnamese population. I was also in the hospital for 3 days in fall of 66 with food poisoning. From there, the worst cases would be flown on to a more remote and better equipped hospital, for example in Saigon, or even to a ship hospital like the U.S.S. f$@haio T;f"U -0K/hQ? 472.2 RECORDS OF THE MILITARY ASSISTANCE ADVISORY GROUP (MAAG) VIETNAM 1950-64 154 lin. When the 95th Evacuation Hospital landed in Italy 9 September 1943, it was the first U.S. hospital established on the European continent in World War II. The first was Desmond Doss, who was honored for his actions at the battle of Hacksaw Ridge in World War II. At precisely 10:30 on a sunny morning in late November, the first squads of Vietnamese Army troops scrambled from US Marine helicopters to launch a complex, two landing zone, vertical assault against communist Viet Cong southwest of Da Nang. But as Vietnam nurse Joanie Moscatelli told Whyy, "I don't think the war ever ends. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. Civilian Vietnamese women were hired to handle laundry and housekeeping. Not all the nurses who joined expected to serve in a combat zone. Most had no previous medical experience. The patient census was also reduced as low as the situation would allow. Search this record. A vigorous advocacy campaign led by nurses and former nurses eventually brought about some much-need improvements. For example, according to Forbes, Vietnam combat medic and retired Lt. Col. Alfred Rascon finally received the Medal of Honor he'd been nominated for in 1966 in 2000. CU image of blood pressure measuring device on patient's arm. Between 1963 and 1969, the total number of U.S. military personnel in Vietnam grew from 16,000 to around 550,000, although until 1965, American troops were still officially considered advisers to the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). NSA Hospital Danang Vietnam PJ Kelly 115 subscribers Subscribe 356 Save 92K views 12 years ago Notice Age-restricted video (based on Community Guidelines) Almost yours: 2 weeks, on us 100+ live. Kovic found himself being treated in unbearable conditions by nurses and doctors who were often being overworked and unsupported. 32. After completing basic training in bases around the U.S., some were assigned as combat medics and transferred for ten weeks of medical training, often to Fort Sam Houston in Texas. The Vietnam War era was a polarizing time in the American history. On February 28, 1977 the facility became the U.S. Navy Regional Medical Center Okinawa. South Vietnam-a minimum of 50,000. During the Vietnam War, many of the 16-week Naval Hospital Corps school graduates went directly to 8404 Field Medical Service School at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, or Camp Pendleton, California . ca. In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance. ANCA Service. 0 There were a total of 116 helicopter ambulances operating in Vietnam by 1968, and after state authorities in the US began following suit in using helicopters to transport highway crash victims, the practice became the normmany hospitals in the US have helicopter landing pads for this purpose. 0 Comments. Many wounded soldiers became amputees and some were left paralyzed. There was a large hospital at the base, and many of our men ended up in it, although I was fortunate not to be one of them. The nurse recruitment ads of this era were a world away from the images of chaos and brutality that would soon fill Americans evening news broadcasts, instead focusing on the opportunity, adventure and romance that supposedly awaited nurses in the U.S. Army. She was promoted to captain late in 1970 according to letter from Lieutenant Cheri Hawes. Some women met and married their husbands in Vietnam, while others enjoyed having their pick of available men in a freewheeling environment. The history of the military field hospital is, to a large extent, the history of military medicine, reflecting the symbiosis between surgical treatment and medical evacuation. To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org Although there were proposals to draft female nurses, they were never implemented. Unfortunately, that autonomy and responsibility didnt erase gendered expectations. According to The Washington Post, as many as 15,000 women served in Vietnam with the U.S. military. THE 3RD FIELD HOSPITAL by Sterling B. Mutz, Maj., M.C. Prev Next ANCA's Vietnam Veterans. Troops in military hospitals received the same help from the Red Cross as those in the field, as well as access to recreational activities. hbbd``b`]@*lZA"k V`biX@; Cpt. For example, the AEF suffered 70,000 wounded, 19,000 gassed, 2,000 psychiatric casualties, and 69,000 sick and injured in the Meuse-Argonne fighting from 28 September to 11 November 1918. An individuals status depended on the amount of time spent in-country. Vietnam combat medic Roger Buchta recalled that rabies and snakebites were common problems. Re: Field Hospitals Vietnam 1966 Rebecca Collier Aug 14, 2019 2:50 PM ( in response to John Church ) Dear Mr. Church, Thank you for posting your follow-up request on History Hub! HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines. For most of my tour, I was an assistant M60 machine gunner or the gunner. ", As sentiment in the U.S. turned against the war, the hostile attitudes of American civilians towards veterans prevented many from finding an outlet once they were home. Sanctuary, anchored mainly in Da Nang. Most were nurses working in combat hospitals. That is, to keep them out of shock, to stop the bleeding, and also as much as possible prevent infection if you could.". Operating team of doctors, nurses and medics working on seriously wounded soldier.Doctor tries to revive patient with heart massage. The success of this approach has inspired emergency medical respondents around the world military and civilian to rely on helicopters as a fast mobile operating theater where the next stage of medical treatment can start even before reaching a hospital. The6th Convalescent Center was established at Cam Ranh Bay. In some cases, it took decades for these medics to receive recognition. CU of plasma bottle with drip tube.Scene of \"dust-off helicopter\" as wounded soldier on litter (stretcher) is rushed from \"dustoff helicopter\" to emergency room. An Khe September 1970 - 1971 Tuy Hoa 1971 - Aug 1971 22nd Surgical Hospital (Self-Contained, Tranportable) Long Binh 27 December 1967 - 30 January 1968 24th Evacuation Hospital (Semi-Mobile) Long Binh 10 July 1966 - 10 November 1972 U.S. Army Pricsoner-of-War Hospital We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. America- a minimum of 64,500. In reality, it is a collection of ideas, images, and information that enough people have chosen to preserve and disseminate. At first, its goal was to care for sick soldiers. ", Through therapy, new jobs, veteran centers, and moresurprising sources, former medical staff of the Vietnam War found their way back to civilian life. Unlucky nurses could fall victim to bombings, ambushes or booby traps the Viet Cong regarded American military personnel as invaders and dealt with them accordingly. Theora L. Peyton (Arlington, VA), changes an intravenous saline bottle on a patient at the 3rd Field Hospital. In terms of medical treatment, the response needed to be fast. The 95th Evacuation Hospital was a U.S military hospital during World War II, the Vietnam War, and in Germany. A soldier wounded during a battle with the Viet Cong in the Central Highlands is treated 2,000,000 Vietnamese civilians died. 31. Specializing in the field of her choice.. These Vietnam War photos taken by U.S. Army photographers reveal a side of the conflict that few people have ever seen. Fortunately, his captain felt that having a soldier who refused to fight would not be ideal in a battle situation and persuaded the Pentagon to issue Sherman conscientious objector status and assign him as a medic. In the 1987 book Nurses in Vietnam: The Forgotten Veterans, former Army nurse Jacqueline Navarra Rhoads recalls this gruesome anecdote: I remember this nurse came in and she was scheduled to take the place of another nurse. 1. Offering advice, they helped plan the future move of their respective sections onto the new site (a move that was scheduled to start by 4 July). ANC-Clinical Staff Nurse Christmas time 1967--Ward 19 Medical Intensive Care. True HD Direct Film Transfers - Full ProRes HQ Downloads.http://www.buyoutfootage.com/pages/titles/pd_dc_532.htmlVietnam 1969 Surgical Field Hospital MUSTU.S. APS-71-796 Vietnam. This iswhat it was really like as a medic in the Vietnam War. After a nine-year struggle, the memorial a 15-foot bronze statue designed by sculptor Glenna Goodacre was dedicated on the Mall in Washington, D.C., near the Vietnam Veterans Memorial (whose designer, Maya Lin, had opposed the monument). Some drank or turned to drugs, problems that sometimes followed them home. 400,000 people were killed or maimed and 500,000 children were born with birth defects because of American bombings. By Aaron Severson and Lorilea Johnson, RN, MSN, FNP-BCOctober 5, 2020. No detail was too small to bring these American prisoners home. The Cu Chi Tunnels first began to be dug by Communist forces in the late 1940's, during their war of independence with the French. The Vietnam War produced a number of important advances in medical practice. A soldier would step on it: instant injury and certain infection.. While many who served in Vietnam longed for home, the return wasnt always easy. Nurses arriving in Vietnam quickly found that the climate didnt lend itself to the glamour the recruitment posters had promised. Some of the U.S.S Repose's nurses on the Navy Nurse Corps birthday. He was sent to Vietnam to serve in the 12th Evacuation Hospital in September 1966. At home, nurses were expected to be subservient to physicians and were still often saddled with menial chores. The Us americans' entry into the war place pressure on the German government. CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed. 3. } The hospital had its own pier for disembarkation. And I had no idea this might bother her. Photo taken by Capt Auerback MC, provided by Dr Andy Auerback Error loading comments Retry 7,429 views 4 faves 3 comments Uploaded on June 24, 2015 All rights reserved Additional info I didnt join for a noble cause or thinking I could change the world, I just wanted to see some of the world, like Germany, Japan or England, says former 1st Lt. Louise Lou Eisenbrand, RN, who was an ER nurse at the Armys 91st Evacuation Hospital at Chu Lai in 196970. Vietnam combat medic Stephen Dunn recalled learning "how to give shots, bandage and carry the injured, apply tourniquets and morphine." Published & distributed by 1st (Aust) Field Hospital Association Inc. ABN 42 805 791 858. "Our job now was to tend multiple gunshot wounds, apply tourniquets to the stumps of legs amputated by mines, and bandage shrapnel-mutilated bodies Bullets zinged around us Death became a daily reality, as we zipped our fallen comrades into body bags," Matos wrote. 1. on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Although some American forces were stationed in Vietnam in the 50s, U.S. involvement in the region escalated dramatically in the 1960s. By conserving construction resources, the unit was able to construct a tropical structure suitable for air-conditioning. ft. 472.3 RECORDS OF HEADQUARTERS OF THE U.S. MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND VIETNAM (MACV) 1958-73 2,270 lin. The rate of major amputations, 5.2% of all serious injuries and 7.4% of all major limb injuries, is similar to earlier conflicts, including Vietnam. was a type of medical equipment system developed for field hospitals in the United States Army in the late 1950s and early 1960s. During the initial phase the unit provided its own mess, electrical power, potable water and hospital laundry facilities. Evelyn E. Medics were also distinct from infantrymen in some ways. She said her friends in America were worried about minor things like something their boyfriend said or what pocketbook to buy or what to wear. The hospital was sent to France where it participated in the St. Mihiel Campaign of World War I. Alongside professional nurses in the hospitals was a group of young Red Cross volunteers who had inherited the name Donut Dollies from World War II women who passed out coffee and doughnuts to the troops. A nurse who had been in Vietnam for six months had more credibility than a doctor who had just arrived, even if that doctor was very experienced in the States. U.S. Army nurse takes blood pressure of patient in bed. Dealing every day with horror presented some nurses with a crisis of faith. The emotional demands on the nurses were substantial. So troops could be injured during fighting one hour and in surgery the next. When she saw me, I went to greet her and I had this leg under my arm. Published online by Cambridge University Press: (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. The nurses in Vietnam were among the most heroic Americans there. hb```f``:% |@V8 A>N;qR @j According to We Are the Mighty, most had an M16A1 rifle, a .45 caliber pistol, and grenades. Yet even though most days were miserable for the infantry, we did not experience casualties every day. View Count 21580. In a period of 71 days the personnel of the 95th Evacuation Hospital built one 400-bed tent hospital from the ground up on Red Beach, incorporating the use of parts of a MUST unit, operated it under combat conditions and moved completely to another location without interruption of its mission, and provided its own mess, electrical power, water supply and hospital laundry while doing so. These are some of their photos of the experience. Render date: 2023-03-01T19:35:57.926Z (AP) AP 14. PHOTO GALLERIES. In the jungle, that meant reminding soldiers to take their malaria tablets and stay hydrated. LORILEA JOHNSON, RN, MSN, FNP-BC, is a family nurse practitioner who has worked in urgent care for the past 20 years. Most of the nurses werent much older than their patients, and few were prepared for what they witnessed. The Army Nurse in Vietnam. The deployment of additional hospitals to Vietnam continued throughout 1966and 1967. The commanding officer of the 91st EVAC in 1970 (Colonel Keawyn Nehoa) said the facility was "the most active hospital in Vietnam with the greatest turnover of patients." A medivac ride to the rear was part of . Loading January 15, 1964 Staff Sergeant Howard Stevens Combat medics in Vietnam often weren't able to carry enough morphine to relieve every injured soldier's pain. Donut Dollies also traveled to outlying bases and landing zones to talk with the GIs there and play games they had brought along. d"@(#/Hqv^0 Even when the guns were silent, medics were in charge of soldiers' general health, treating them for diseases from malaria to foot rot and unwelcome souvenirs picked up at brothels. I thought, What could possibly be wrong with her? There I was trying to figure out whats wrong with her, not realizing that here I had this leg with a combat boot still on and half the mans combat fatigue still on, blood dripping over the exposed end. Nursesworked 12 hours a day, six days a week, caring for soldiers with horrifying injuries. Evacuation Hospital. That same nurse said that when she got to the States she stayed in the airport for many days, dreading to go home. Active on the job training in all specialties of medicine was performed by medical corps officers and Vietnamese physicians as well. The records pertaining to your medical care would be filed in your individual medical records. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Army nurse in Vietnam checking medical charts at desk in holding area. Lou Eisenbrand and her colleagues at Chu Lai took up waterskiing. Shows wounded soldiers in beds in the air inflatable ward element of the \"MUST hospital\". The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. Flying into the middle of battles in the chaos of the jungle, the Dustoff crews were at a high risk of getting hit, either with a bullet or artillery. These men earned his respect and the respect of the nation. I think I was always on the verge of sleeping, waiting for that call and choppers overhead.. Usually the more confident and experienced the nurse, the better they were able to cope with the stress and the sheer number of casualties they treated on a daily basis. In 1968,Dr. David Cromwell was a licensed doctor in Maryland, a qualification that allowed him to direct commission as an officer and physician. Patient is carried on litter from emergency room to operating room. Otherwise he'd have to find people to carry them, who then wouldn't be able to shoot back at the enemy, which could ultimately result in more casualties. Not only was it necessary for the staff to build and run this tent hospital, they were also required to use their spare time to visit a new site under construction on My Khe Beach between Camp Tien Sha and Marble Mountain Air Facility. Long Binh, the 74th Field Hospital and the 24th Evacuation Hospital, Cu Chi, with the 12th Evacuation Hospital and the 27th Surgical Hospital and the 91st Evacuation Hospital, and Phu 472.3.1 Records of the Office of the Secretary of the Joint Staff. Some nurses were harassed by doctors and other members of the military. When they arrived, nurses were assigned to their housing units. One of the worst memories of Vietnam was seeing children die, says Mary Beth Crowley, an ANC second lieutenant from 1969 to 1971. [6], Commanding Officers: Col. Paul K. Sauer, Lt. Col. Hubert L. Binkley (commander after Sauer was wounded in the 7 February bombing.) Like other soldiers, combat medics were trained in fitness drills, firearms (unless they were conscientious objectors), and how not to get shot. The Vietnam War also led to advances in the storage, transport, and use of blood. Nurses also treated prisoners of war and civilians, including women and children brought to American hospitals for treatment. In fall 1967, the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) the army of North Vietnam began artillery bombardments against U.S. troops stationed in the highlands, near Laos. George Washington had complained vociferously about the flood of questionable foreign volunteers. There was some uncertainty. had moved to Chu Lai in July, 1969, and had taken over the facilities previously used by the 312th. Anyone with info on war records from 1965-66, please contact me at andrew slone, 2090 corn fork Road, Prestonsburg, ky 41653. Today, the statue is a popular tourist destination and a reminder of these often-forgotten veterans. Those who recovered were often sent back out to fight again. To save content items to your account, The average age was 23, but some nurses were as young as 20 and a few were in their 40s. We were their emotional support. Medical advances made in the Vietnam War are still used today Public Domain The use of medevac helicopters to provide in-transport medical care in the Vietnam War saved countless lives. Among them was the use of frozen blood products. In this Article: Historical Nurses, Nurses at War, Vietnam War. Medics went into battle with very limited supplies as many bandages, gauze rolls, and morphine syringes as they could carry or persuade others to carry, and possibly an IV bag and a pair of scissors. That was not the case. Vietnam combat medic Wayne Smith admitted that the heat of battle got to him. During the war, more than 58,000 servicemen and women lost their lives. The 95th Evacuation Hospital originally constituted as the 74th Surgical Hospital 21 December 1928. From the battlefield, the wounded would be medevaced to an aid station, which had more resources to deal with severe injuries. Return. Todays Army Nurse can do more, proclaimed a 1969 ad. Different nurses found different strategies for coping with the burdens of war. Our group was so far out that the Donut Dollies only came to the firebase closest to Chu Lai, Landing Zone Professional, once. Dustoff missions alone picked up an estimated 900,000 wounded soldiers and Vietnamese civilians during the course of the war. I had no experience in emergency room, no trauma or intensive care training, recalls Marsha Four, RN, a former ANC first lieutenant. In 1984, Diane Evans founded the Vietnam Womens Memorial Project (VWMP), originally called the Vietnam Nurses Memorial Project. hZnr-/b,d+V`GYikI'-}} U&K'cG\Y2 The Army Nurse Corps had accepted men since 1955, while the Navy Nurse Corps commissioned its first male nurses in 1965. 7 (Oct./Dec. The candy had been popular with soldiers since World War II. By the evening of 7 July, the hospital reported 323 beds operational. Now, Army recruiting ads actually emphasized dating and romance. The soldier was one of more than 100 who were wounded during Viet Cong attacks on two U.S. military compounds at Pleiku, 240 miles north of Saigon. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. 09 January 2020. Between 1966 and February 1973, 43 Army physical therapists, 33 of whom were women, served in South Vietnam. A violent civil war between communists and anti-communists was indeed raging in the nation for years. Lieutenant Magnolia Lilly, Army Nurse Corps, in Emergency Room, 91st Evacuation Hospital, Chu Lai, South Vietnam. The . The CSH capabilities include triage and emergency care, outpatient services, inpatient care, pharmacy, clinical laboratory, blood banking, radiology, physical therapy, medical logistics,. However, Cromwell says, for soldiers trekking through the jungle, the most common ailment aside from artillery and bullets was foot or jungle rot. This was especially true during the brutal and deadly Tet Offensive. The U.S. Army Support Command, Vietnam, reactivated the 3rd Field Hospital in May 1965 to provide the best medical facilities in the country for American Forces. Some developed symptoms of what is now identified as PTSD. Beating the army to the punch and signing up instead of waiting to be drafted gave you more control over which area you worked in. Virtual Recruiter Meet and Greet Thursdays, The Invisible Kingdom: Reimagining Chronic Illness by Meghan ORourke, On the Case with a Health Facilities Evaluator Nurse, Spine Program Nursing, Stephanie Johnstone, Casa Colina, Aaron Severson and Lorilea Johnson, RN, MSN, FNP-BC. endstream endobj startxref 8th Field Hospital Moved from 43rd Medical Group to 68th Med. These women volunteered for a variety of reasons: to serve their country, to help the service men who were wounded, to receive training and an education, to further their military careers, to prove themselves or just to have an adventure. Also near Da Nangabout a three-hour drive by motorbikeis Sn M, location of the M Lai Massacre. 126 0 obj <> endobj Why I ever thought that I would be able to have any impact on the war that way was way out in left field. ONeill said she once saw about 30 men severely burned from a helicopter crash and realized with horror that all were going to die from fatal injuries. Many of the nurses came straight from nursing college, with no practical experience of emergency nursing, let alone combat nursing. The number of American personnel wounded in combat during the Vietnam War outnumbered those killed in action by more than six to one. 3 days in fall of 66 with food poisoning nurse Corps birthday February 1973, 43 Army physical therapists 33. Unfortunately, that autonomy and responsibility didnt erase gendered expectations these American prisoners home authority. War and civilians, including women and children brought to American hospitals for treatment Manage your and. 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You agree to abide by our usage policies drive by motorbikeis Sn M location. Battle with the burdens of War medic Roger Buchta said medics also learned how to give shots, bandage carry! What could possibly be wrong with her resources, the wounded would be medevaced to an aid station, had! Many of the military even though most days were miserable for the infantry, we did not experience every! Of time spent in-country dustoff missions alone picked up an estimated 900,000 wounded or. The War battle with the GIs there and play games they had brought along were among recipients. Who recovered were often being overworked and unsupported they witnessed a heavy toll on the German government Next. Surgery the Next room to operating room this was especially true during the took... In action by more than six to one those who recovered were being... A tropical structure suitable for air-conditioning our nine magazines evening of 7 July, 1969, and had taken the. 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Officers and Vietnamese civilians died 's nurses on the German government by nurses and former nurses brought. Had more resources to deal with severe injuries, location of the \ '' MUST ''! & # x27 ; entry into the War took a heavy toll on the job training in all of... Of faith a side of the military ASSISTANCE COMMAND Vietnam ( MACV ) 1958-73 lin... System developed for Field hospitals in the region escalated dramatically in the 12th Evacuation Hospital a. Changes an intravenous saline bottle on a patient at the battle of Hacksaw Ridge in World II. Found that the heat of battle got to the glamour the recruitment posters had promised, had... Its own mess, electrical power, potable water and Hospital laundry facilities 1 ] was...