The country has also been plagued by ethnic violence: Nearly 1 million Rohingya, ethnic Muslims in this predominately Buddhist nation, have fled violence in Rakhine state to Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.The IRC is working in Cox's Bazar to provide health care, protection for vulnerable women and children, and emergency support for the refugees. The crisis has developed into a protracted emergency for Rohingya in Bangladesh. . In Egypt, a terrorist group bombed an embassy in support of the Rohingya cause (Storey, 2017). Older children and adolescents who are deprived of opportunities to learn or make a living are at real risk of becoming a lost generation, ready prey to traffickers and those who would exploit them for political or other ends. One solution that the government put into effect was relocating a proposed 100,000 Rohingya refugees in Coxs Bazar to the island of Bhasan Char (which, like much of Bangladesh, is especially vulnerable to rising sea levels) in the Bay of Bengal. These groups have reportedly already begun recruiting soldiers and sympathisers to the Rohingya cause. The Rohingya community has suffered the abridgement of fundamental rights, such as freedom of movement, religion, employment, and access to educationa situation made worse by additional measures taken against ethnic identity that limit their rights to get married or even to have children. More than 647,000 have streamed across the border into the neighboring nation Bangladesh in South Asia. It is critical that the rights and dignity of the Rohingya refugees be respected, protected and promoted. Rohingya Muslims are a people without a state. During the COVID-19 pandemic, UNHCR has also trained a group of community health volunteers 50 percent of whom are women and girls. As a stateless population, Rohingya families are denied basic rights and protection and are extremely vulnerable to exploitation, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and abuse. In and around Cox's Bazar, a Bangladeshi district near the Myanmar . Approximately 75 percent of those living in the Coxs Bazar region arrived in September 2017. Humanitarian action is central to UNICEFs mandate and realizing the rights of every child. A Rohingya boy sifts through the debris of a fire that tore through the Rohingya refugee camp in Coxs Bazar, Bangladesh, in 2021. This is at the center of an ongoing humanitarian crisis in South Asia and the biggest obstacle to finding a solution. Before the present Rohingya crisis broke out, there were "2,07,861 persons of concern in India, of whom 2,01,281 were refugees and 6,480 asylum seekers" by the end of 2015, according to UNHCR. Why did they. Part of this cause has become the unique Rohingya political identity and psychology of alienation formed by their social memory and life-politics, according to a study by Kazi Fahmida Farzana. What Caused the Current Exodus? Myanmar Argues Cause of Rohingya Crisis Published May 22, 2015 5:08 PM by Reuters The head of the Myanmar state from which thousands of Rohingya Muslims are fleeing denied that persecution had. However, this isnt the only area where the Rohingya have sought refuge in order to escape violence. Long-standing efforts to address religious tensions in Myanmar, locally led and with regional and international support, have pursued many different avenues . The elements are a major issue: Bangladeshs main cyclone season begins in April, making this a time where Rohingya are most vulnerable. Chicago, IL 60604, 10586 W. Pico Blvd., #139 Approximately 720,000 Rohingya refugees have fled targeted violence and human rights violations in Myanmar since August 2017. The crisis has developed into a protracted emergency for Rohingya in Bangladesh. Married mum-of-six Reshma* adopted her niece after her sister died during childbirth in one of the Rohingya refugee camps in Coxs Bazar. These were followed by systematic counter attacks against the community. The complex crisis erupted in August 2017, following attacks on remote police outposts in northern Myanmar by armed groups alleged to belong to the Rohingya community. The United Nations has called the situation a "textbook example of ethnic cleansing." However, the path to this in the case of the Rohingya crisis is unclear. Musha, center. Widespread reports of arson, murder and rape have caused entire communities to flee for their lives. Denied citizenship by law, the Rohingya are often described as the most persecuted minority in the world. Emergencies / Rohingya Crisis Bangladesh - Rohingya Crisis Responding to health needs of vulnerable population Since 25 August more than half a million people have arrived in Bangladesh's Cox's Bazar area from Myanmar. It would be very difficult for people to go back to Myanmar unless the situation improves there., Since February of 2021, escalating political and social instability in Myanmar has also created roadblocks to a peaceful resolution any time soon. This is true even though the great majority of Bangladeshis are also Muslims. Older children and adolescents who are deprived of opportunities to learn or make a living are at real risk of becoming a lost generation. The Rohingya Crisis and Myanmar's border relations with Bangladesh. The monsoon season runs from June to October each year and brings heavy rainfall and strong winds to Bangladesh, increasing the risk of floods and landslides. Almost 300,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh over the next two weeks as disturbing reports surfaced of hundreds of people, including children, being killed. For many refugee families, the monsoon rain and flooding compounds the tragedy of a massive fire that swept through the camp in early 2022. Most of the camps that were set up for incoming Rohingya around Cox's Bazar were built on uneven, sandy hills that were rapidly cleared in response to 2017's mass exodus. Responding to a March 2021 fire in Coxs Bazar, delivering in that time: Culturally-appropriate clothing donations for nearly, children and pregnant/lactating women each month for malnutrition and providing treatment where needed, Developing a Mother Care Group model for caregivers of children under 5 that focuses on improving maternal and child health, reaching over, (both Rohingya refugees and host community members), Providing the training and supplies for homestead gardening to over, Our COVID-19 response in Coxs Bazar began with the initial lockdowns in Bangladesh. Without recognition as citizens or permanent residents of the country, the Rohingya have limited access to education, jobs, and health services, resulting in chronic poverty and marginalization. The elements are a major issue: Bangladeshs main cyclone season begins in April, making this a time where Rohingya are most vulnerable. . The Rohingya have suffered decades of violence, discrimination and persecution in Myanmar. The area surrounding Coxs Bazar has historically been a low-income area of Bangladesh. The United Nations has described them as "the most persecuted people in the world." They have faced discrimination and extreme poverty for decades. This group has become essential in providing health education, conducting community outreach and delivering first-aid. There are about 16,000 UNHCR-certified Rohingya refugees in India. It is estimated that at least 200,000 people are at risk of flooding and/or landslides during monsoon season but UNHCR and its partners are working tirelessly to ensure the safety of these refugees. Five years later, over 1 million stateless Rohingya remain in temporary shelters away from home. Since then, weve maintained a combination of life-saving integrated nutrition support, livelihood development, disaster risk reduction, non-food item distributions, and home gardening initiatives. Here's a short history of the mostly Muslim. Beyond shelters facing destruction from high winds, these rainy seasons can also foster waterborne illnesses in crowded camps that dont have proper water and sanitation facilities. Many Rohingya have spent decades living in areas like Coxs Bazar. Addressing Rohingya crisis: . [2] Rohingya refugees have fled to Bangladesh since 1977 due to the . Why this Rohingaya Crisis is happening Since World War Two they have been treated increasingly by Burmese authorities as illegal, interloping Bengalis, facing apartheid-like conditions that deny them free movement or state education while government forces intermittently drive out and slaughter them (Photo: Abir Abdullah / Concern Worldwide;names changed for security reasons). Colonialism caused a series of violent conflicts in Myanmar, and the Rohingya people belong to a stateless, ethnic minority within the country. Prices of goods and services are driven up, and labor becomes cheaper lowering incomes. What is the Rohingya crisis? Myanmar is less than two miles away, visible in the distance. They are the worlds largest stateless population. That service is available to both refugees and local residents. She has also highlighted that the future of the Rohingya is bound up with the future of peace in Myanmar, stating: Sustainable solutions for the Rohingya people must be built into the design of a peaceful, inclusive and democratic Myanmar., Concerns Abida Suldana carries out screening for malnutrition in the Moynadhona refugee camp in Coxs Bazar, Bangladesh. While 24,000 Rohingya moved to the island with the promise of more aid, a lack of funding has meant that these relocated Rohingya suffer both a lack of supplies and a greater sense of isolation. Musha, pointed out that local lives have changed significantly since this massive population flow: There is huge socio-economic and environmental pressure resulting in increased tension between refugees and the host community, he said. It has made the Rohingya the most persecuted people in the world. Rohingya Refugee Crisis. 1310 L ST NW, STE 450, Washington, DC 20005. Your donation today will go directly to helping Rohingya refugees suffering during this crisis. the Rohingya refugee crisis: the persecuting state of Myanmar, the Bangladeshi state as the host country and the international community and its humanitarian and human rights focus. These were followed by. We are now in a race against time as a major new emergency looms, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi told the Security Council via videolink from Geneva, Switzerland. The inadequate and unhygienic living conditions have caused many of the prevailing medical conditions in the refugee camps, such as acute watery diarrhoea . Many have collapsed, leaving residents exposed to the elements. How is the Rohingya crisis affecting children? UNHCR is on the ground providing lifesaving humanitarian support tohundreds of thousandsof Rohingya refugees. the rohingya conflict is an ongoing conflict in the northern part of myanmar 's rakhine state (formerly known as arakan), [37] characterised by sectarian violence between the rohingya muslim and rakhine buddhist communities, a military crackdown on rohingya civilians by myanmar's security forces, [38] [39] [40] and militant attacks by rohingya Beginning in 2017, renewed violence, including reported rape, murder, and arson, triggered an exodus of Rohingya, as Myanmar's security forces claimed they were carrying out a campaign to reinstate stability in the country's western region. This has caused over 700,000 Rohingya to flee to neighboring Bangladesh. The Rohingya crisis is one of the worst humanitarian disasters in the modern world. Rohingya children and their parents have made it clear that they want an education based on the Myanmar curriculum. The United Nations refugee agency and its partners are ramping up to assist Bangladeshs efforts to mitigate some expected impacts of the upcoming monsoon season in the country, during which, according to an initial risk analysis, at least 100,000 Rohingya refugees could be in grave danger from landslides and floods. [1] This sentiment from a Rohingya refugee refers to the decades of systematic "disenfranchisement, discrimination, and targeted persecution that Rohingya people have faced in Myanmar's Rakhine State.". By mid-August 2018, more than 24,000 refugees living in high-risk areas were relocated to safer locations. Armed clashes across Myanmar have continued to trigger displacement, bringing the total number of internally displaced people (IDP) within the country to more than 1.1 million 769,000 of whom have been internally displaced since February 2021. Having the opportunity to support and shape their community empowers many Rohingya women and gives them the chance to learn new skills and regain control of their lives. Most Rohingya live in a state of limbo, one of the world's largest "officially" stateless populations. 1310 L ST NW, STE 450, Washington, DC 20005. Since February of 2021, escalating political and social instability in Myanmar has also created roadblocks to a peaceful resolution any time soon. These and other shocking reports of grave abuses demand our attention and action, for the sake of lasting peace and justice, he said. In June of this year, UN Special Envoy to the General Assembly Noeleen Heyzer estimated that 14.4 million people in Myanmar 25% of the population required humanitarian assistance in the face of a rapidly-deteriorating situation. Working with the government and partners, UNICEF is helping provide water and sanitation, including the establishment of diarrhoeal treatment centres, health services for children and pregnant women; support for access to quality education, including establishing learning centres; and is reaching children affected by violence, abuse and neglect with prevention and assistance. Former Concern Bangladesh Country Director A.K.M. The Rohingya are a stateless Muslim minority who have lived in Myanmar (also known as Burma) for generations. Bangladesh is under the strain of hosting a million Rohingya refugees and their voluntary repatriation to Myanmar appears remote. Today, there are 980,000 refugees and asylum-seekers from Myanmar in neighboring countries. So far, donors have helped: Thanks to supporters, the UN Refugee Agency is on the ground coordinating a massive refugee response in Bangladesh and leading efforts to provide shelter and care for those displaced. The United Nations has described the Rohingya as the most persecuted minority in the world.. . This poses an especially risk to children and the elderly. Under UN Charter, SC possesses necessary powers and obligations e.g. LAW's ground-breaking Rohingya Crisis programme seeks to ensure meaningful Rohingya participation in the ongoing international justice processes pertaining to their treatment in Myanmar, including: the case before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (The Gambia v. and its way of treating those who are not part of the ethnic majority as threats and as enemies. In late July 2021, deadly monsoon rains devastated the Coxs Bazar region of Bangladesh, killing six Rohingya refugees and affecting more than 21,000 more. SC has significant role to play in solving this matter and enforce violation against Rohingya. The need now is more urgent than ever. Armed conflict escalated in August 2017 in Rakhine State, causing Rohingya to flee to nearby Bangladesh. The crisis is aggravated by complexities around identities and citizenship, reflected in tensions around use of the name Rohingya: the Myanmar government and many Burmans will not use the term as they do not view this ethnic/religious community as citizens, part of the nation as they conceive it. Our goal, along with many of our partners and humanitarian colleagues, is to help the Rohingya stay healthy, care for their families, and live with as much security and dignity as possible. Our COVID-19 response in Coxs Bazar began with the initial lockdowns in Bangladesh. They have long faced discrimination and repression, and have largely. In the first six months of the Rohingya crisis alone, we treated more than 350,000 patients, including victims of rape, people with gunshot wounds and severe acute malnutrition. On . Prior to August 25, the region was already a host community to 200,000 Rohingya refugees. 9-month-old Tahira* is severely malnourished, but shes put on over three pounds since she began treatment at one of Concerns nine Nutrition Outpatient Therapeutic Programme centers in the camps. Rohingya have been classed as illegal immigrants in the country and have been denied civil rights. 5. On August 25, 2017, an outbreak of violence in Myanmars Rakhine State forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya people to flee their homes. The Rohingya crisis, without any doubt, has put a huge pressure on Bangladesh's economy and society. Unit LL- C9 Host communities in Bangladesh are struggling and looking for solutions to a crisis with no clear resolution, Often underreported in coverage of any refugee crisis are the. Becoming a monthly donor is the most efficient and effective way to help those fleeing conflict. Without tackling this root cause, human trafficking networks may continue to operate in the shadows." . Concerns former Country Director for the area, A.K.M. The United Nations has said that those forces showed "genocidal intent," and international . over 925,000 Rohingya are living in Coxs Bazar. More than 1.3 million refugees targets of violent attacks in Rakhine State in Myanmar and host community members have been affected. Despite living in Myanmar for many generations, the Rohingya are not recognized as an official ethnic group and have been denied citizenship since 1982, making them the worlds largest stateless population. However, they need your help. "The EU is well aware that the root causes of this crisis lie in . Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have found refuge in flimsy shelters made of bamboo and tarp which have been built in areas prone to landslides, which may not stand torrential rains and heavy winds. What is the root cause of the problem in the case of the Rohingyas in Myanmar Brainly? The Myanmar military has been accused of many human rights violations against the Rohingya people, including mass killings, rape, and burning villages. The UNHCR estimates an additional 1.1 million Rohingya are internally displaced within Myanmar, some several times over. Reuters has now published the story these journalists were working on, a deeply disturbing account of the execution of 10 Rohingya men in Inn Din village (Maungdaw) in northern Rakhine state,he said, while the Associated Press (AP) has also published a report of five mass graves in Gudar Pyin village (Buthidaung). The United Nations has described them as the most persecuted people in the world. They have faced discrimination and extreme poverty for decades. Beyond shelters facing destruction from high winds, these rainy seasons can also foster waterborne illnesses in crowded camps that dont have proper water and sanitation facilities. Despite their historical presence in that country, the successor Burmese regimes have targeted Rohingya to change . An escalation in violence that began in August 2017, however, became the starting point for the latest and largest crisis. Health workers at UNICEF primary healthcare centre work sround the clock to give children the best start in life, How UNICEF is helping to make education more inclusive in Coxs Bazar, UNICEF: Education milestone for Rohingya refugee children as Myanmar curriculum pilot reaches first 10,000 children. Mr. Jenca called on the authorities in Myanmar to release the arrested two Reuters journalists and respect the right to freedom of expression and information. Most of them have gathered in makeshift or spontaneous settlements. UNCHR and its partners also have been repairing and rehabilitating damaged roads, culverts, bridges and drainage channels. Give now to help transform lives. Groundwater depletion and contamination are the most critical effects caused by the Rohingya influx as per the UNDP Assessment . . Religious based ethno-nationalism is a mind-set instilled by successive dictators in Myanmar. We also partnered with local religious leaders, who shared the messages via their microphones during prayer times. It analyses the critical . The tensions will continue to increase unless the host communities are supported well. By the beginning of March this year, six fires had already torn through the refugee camps, destroying homes and supplies. Five years later, about half a million Rohingya refugee children are living in exile from their home country. Together, UNHCR and volunteers are distributing shelter materials, tarps, solar lamps, water containers and clean water; and community health workers are identifying and referring refugees who require medical and psychosocial support to health facilities and doing disease surveillance. Their treatment has been described by the UN as "a textbook example of ethnic cleansing". Of all the international entities, the OIC is best positioned to undertake the cause of the Rohingya community. Geoffrey Robinson identified two additional causes of the crisis: Burman Buddhist nationalism and "the structure, ideology and norms of the Burmese military, which has been in power for the better part of a half of century. efforts to maintain their own dignity, stability, and health in such difficult circumstances. Concern is one of over 100 non-governmental organizations both local and international responding to the influx of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. Nearly 800000 Rohingya people have been displaced from their homes into . This poses an especially risk to children and the elderly. So, before repatriation is possible, we must first answer the root cause which has sparked this long-lasting humanitarian crisis. Prices of goods and services are driven up, and labor becomes cheaper lowering incomes. Makeshift shelters could be washed away and disease could spread as stagnant water pools and latrines overflow. Currently, Bangladesh is in the middle of its monsoon season (July through October), which brings similar challenges. The government estimate puts the figure of Rohingya refugees living in India beyond . That service is available to both refugees and local residents. Comprehensive solution to the protracted Rohingya crisis lies in the safe, dignified and sustainable repatriation of the Rohingyas to their homes in Rakhine, according to the joint closing announcement by co-hosts of donor conference on "Sustaining Support for the Rohingya Refugee Response," held on Thursday. Since then, these informal settlements have faced the constant threats of flooding and landslides. These representatives serve an important function as channels of information between refugees and others, including agencies working to assist refugees. The Rohingya Crisis: Human Rights Issues, Policy Concerns and Burden Sharing addresses the many aspects of Rohingya lives in Bangladesh, Myanmar, India, Southeast Asian countries and in the West. According to that report, the demand for water has increased since the Rohingya started fleeing to Bangladesh. The Rohingya are members of an ethnic and religious minority group that has suffered discrimination from the Buddhist-dominated state for years. Recent weeks have seen an escalation of violence against the Rohingya in Rakhine, the poorest state of Myanmar. This massive new population joins an existing group of 213,000 Rohingya refugees who fled to Bangladesh in previous years. Your donation today will go directly to helping Rohingya refugees suffering during this crisis. Its a difficult situation for all.. In Myanmar,most Rohingya have no legal identity or citizenship and statelessness remains a significant concern. While 24,000 Rohingya moved to the island with the promise of more aid, a lack of funding has meant that these relocated Rohingya suffer both a lack of supplies and a greater sense of isolation. Within Coxs Bazar, they live in various locations, including in two registered refugee camps, and numerous makeshift camps and spontaneous settlements. The Rohingya are a stateless Muslim minority who have lived in Myanmar (also known as Burma) for generations. 5. Additionally, UNHCR is making sure that safe learning spaces remain a vital element of child protection work, especially given the sizable refugee child population in Coxs Bazar. It is caused by the persecution of the Rohingya people, a Muslim minority group in Myanmar who are not recognized as citizens by the government. 4. Subsequently, Concern introduced a. for those who may have been exposed to the virus. In the last few years, before the latest crisis, thousands of Rohingya made perilous journeys out of Myanmar to escape communal violence or alleged abuses by the security forces. The information gathered from the personal interviews conducted for research purposes gave us a brief historical background of the conflict. 6. We often focus on the 1 million refugees but the number doesnt stop there, Within the first few weeks that followed the escalation of violence in Rakhine State, nearly 700,000 Rohingya fled to neighboring Bangladesh, undertaking life-threatening (and occasionally fatal) journeys to get there. This isnt an isolated crisis for the Rohingya, The Rohingya are a Muslim ethnic minority group, many of whom have lived in majority-Buddhist Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) for generations, emigrating from Bengal (an area that covers parts of India and, 2. As of July 2022, the. One of the reasons why China has been a staunch ally of Myanmar is because Myanmar provides China with a key component of its "Belt and Road Initiative" (BRI), in the form of the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC). The Rohingya refugee crisis is a human rights and humanitarian disaster that has, in one year alone, rapidly grown in numbers, yet declined in access and resources. Linked to climate change impacts, social and political tensions, environmental vulnerability, and state fragility, this crisis is directly tied with a variety of global structures and root causes. Conditions in Myanmar's Rakhine state, where many Rohingya people have lived for generations, had already compelled hundreds of thousands of Muslim Rohingya to flee their homes in the predominantly . Now, more than 900,000 people have found safety in the Cox Bazars region of Bangladesh which is now home to the worlds largest refugee camp. Many of them have been born into this limbo. 355 Lexington Ave, 16th Floor Second, the UN does not have sufficient access to make a meaningful assessment of the humanitarian or human rights situation in Rakhine. Rohingya refugees at Hakim Para in Coxs Bazar, Bangladesh. In just a short amount of time, over 700,000 people half of them children had fled from Myanmar to Bangladesh. Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICs), most Rohingya have no legal identity or citizenship, Read more about UNICEFs work and results. The Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), the Rohingya insurgent group that surfaced in late 2016, attacked about 30 state security outposts on Aug. 25,. We ensured that the Rohingya refugees we support in Coxs Bazar had a 1 months supply of food, and worked with both the camp and surrounding communities to educate people on prevention and detection techniques. But this caused resistance . This has led to mass displacement and human rights abuses, including rape, mass murder, and torture. Impact of Rohingya Crisis on ASEAN ASEAN, four of its ten members are directly affected by the crisis: Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This research has discussed the background and factors that caused the Rohingya humanitarian crisis, which forced tens of thousands of Rohingya men, women, and children to flee oppression in the Rakhine state. Approximately 919,000 Rohingya refugees are living at the Kutupalong and Nayapara refugee camps in Bangladeshs Coxs Bazar region which have grown to become some of the largest and most densely populated camps in the world. Approximately 720,000 Rohingya refugees have fled targeted violence and human rights violations in Myanmar since August 2017. Rohingya refugees living in the camps are often deprived of basic services and necessities, with persistent shortages in humanitarian aid, and overcrowding has made the camps vulnerable to extreme . document.getElementById( "ak_js" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Heres what you need to know about the Rohingya crisis in 2022. The Rohingya are currently being persecuted in their countries because of their ethnicity, which is evident from how Myanmar denies them citizenship, freedom to travel, or any access to education due to the circumstances of their birth (Judy Molland, 2015). Learn more about life inside Kutupalong refugee camp. Race against time to help Rohingya in Bangladesh, Receive daily updates directly in your inbox -, Causes of Rohingya refugee crisis originate in Myanmar; solutions must be found there, Security Council told, Myanmar: 5 years since Rohingya mass exodus, UNHCR urges solutions, Response plan launched to support 1.4 million Rohingya and Bangladeshis, UN emergency fund allocates $14 million for Rohingya refugees left homeless by massive fire, Ahead of monsoon season, UN supports Bangladeshs efforts protect Rohingya camps from floods, landslides. In June of this year, UN Special Envoy to the General Assembly Noeleen Heyzer, estimated that 14.4 million people in Myanmar 25% of the population required humanitarian assistance in the face of a rapidly-deteriorating situation. The discourse on the Rohingya crisis in large parts of the West and in Myanmar's neighbouring states is remarkably different. 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Have made it clear that they want an education based on the Myanmar.! Director for the area surrounding Coxs Bazar continue to operate in the refugee camps, and becomes... Crisis in South Asia refugee camps, destroying homes and supplies learn or make a living are at real of... ( what caused the rohingya crisis through October ), most Rohingya have no legal identity or and. Fled to Bangladesh to assist refugees lie in UNHCR-certified Rohingya refugees suffering during this crisis representatives serve an important as! ) for generations 2017 in Rakhine State in Myanmar ( also known as Burma ) for.! Are the most efficient and effective way to help those fleeing conflict they have long faced discrimination and,. History of the Rohingya are a major issue: Bangladeshs main cyclone season begins in April making!
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