For example, the groups of indigenous people living in the Amazon basin and has very strong cultural affiliation have remained the same (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). some time. In a collectivist culture, the interest of the group prevails over the interest of the individual. Millon, T. (2003). When comparing the United States and China, there is a huge difference in Hofstede's individualism-collectivism dimension. The expectations in adulthood also reveal additional cultural differences. Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/obedience-and-individualism-in-american-culture/. Individualism is a type of social behavior in psychological science that emphasizes the individual over the group. Your privacy is extremely important to us. The cultural dimension is crucial to understanding the differences in expression of identity. of individualism in Chinese and American cultures are revealed in many fields such as politics, literature, families, proverbs Individualism in Chinese and American Cultures America and China are totally different countries, which have different life afterlife. America was built with the intention of being an individualist culture, however, it seems to be faced with a societal conflict that it has been battling for centuries. The only thing that differs between cultures is how each distinct culture perceives how happiness can be achieved. * Standing out from the group and being acknowledged is encouraged. Fahrenheit 451 is a society in which books are illegal and considered evil. After the Middle Ages a rebirth of culture, learning, art and literature took place known as the Italian Renaissance between the 14th and 17th century. Those days of checking your account balance in a panic are behind you. In a collectivistic culture, the focus is on the belief that the group is more important than an individual, which is shown through the use of conformity, consensus, and group agreement. But the parents became and asked the students to leave the kid alone who eventually got up on his own and stopped crying ( Sponsol 423). around the world. Cultural diversity provides a wide families of the dead, members of the community visit to pay their respect to the deceased and at times culture to the American culture. The Main Distinctions of Popular Culture and Its Growth, James Rachels Speech About Cultural Relativism, Cultural Relativism and Ethics: Ethical Issues and Context. An individualistic orientation reflects a lifestyle in which the person is generally more . The people who emerge as social personalities in China are highly valued. Many people from the equatorial regions dress loosely and thinly since the environment around them is normally warm. When people see uniforms and badges, hear an authoritative, self-assured voice, or discern that someone is part of a larger society, one can become more willing to participate in what they instruct as they have earned respect from societys point of view. Collectivism." Where do you want us to send this sample? If we create a society that doesnt question, we create a society that will follow orders in any situation, even to the point of hurting others. American culture is often associated with some images related to general stereotypes such as assertiveness, optimism, boldness, a sense of enterprise, and a solid handshake. This paper presents an analysis of religion and individualism versus collectivism. Cultures are groups of people who share a common set of values and beliefs. Furthermore, in the individualist cultures property is owned at personal level. Socrates claimed that the ideal way to teach philosophy is to have a one to one conversation, so one can raise and discuss [], One particular form of utilitarianism focuses not on the total sum of positive wellbeing and suffering, but on minimizing the total sum of suffering. Milgrams work on obedience and authority was groundbreaking, and his research left a lasting legacy in the field of psychology regarding why people follow orders. Collectivism. Diverse religions develop varying values outside the mainstream of beliefs. Through the process of authorization, routinization, and dehumanization, people allow themselves to see their victims are numbers rather than human beings. Moreover, even when the destructive effects of their work became patently clear, and they are asked to carry out actions incompatible with fundamental standards of morality, relatively few people have the resources needed to resist authority. 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help you just now, Conformity and Obedience form the basis of every Public Service. It was also the traditional culture of Japan before modernization. Define individualism. "Collectivism means there is a tight knit social framework in which individual members depend strongly on others and group decisions are valued and accepted (Nelson, 2013, p.20). It has a unique form of communication. (Junbo, J. 3. One is affiliated with a group and they all care for each other, physically and mentally. 1. The cultural heritage and the teachings offered by diverse religion groups help in strengthening the culture of the groups that benefit from the teachings. We are still taught to think for ourselves though and decide whether an authority is legitimate and appropriate in the situation before acting upon the ordered tasks. "Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. "Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. After all, individualism is baked into American culture. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. It is notable that religion through denominations does not create a cultural change from the mainstream belief systems (Clark & Clanton Jr, 2012). Ostracism is a universally applied tactic of social control. I had to learn to look after myself wherein all the duties of our helpers back home, I had to them on my own in the US. Young Outsiders, a study of homes and buying family cars. High-context cultures are collectivist cultures, and low-context cultures are individualistic cultures. The notable features of religions are that they demand people to posses faith as well as attempts to organize and affect the ideas, views, and action of the followers (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). New York, NY: Routledge. To successfully participate in culture people must conform and surrender some individual freedom and take on new responsibilities. Cultural differences in a globalizing world. The people in these countries are concerned about their personal accomplishments. Let us write you an essay from scratch, Order a custom essay from our writers and get it on time. Society cannot give direct orders or commands, but authority figures can, the words of authority often act as the voice of culture. On the other hand, is individualistic cultures where the high value has been put on creativity, autonomy and self-benefit. The educational system praises students who take the initiative to raise their hand, question, and confront problems, while continually pointing out the people that hide behind their school books to avoid conflict. If one is tasked with producing pain to another person, rebellion in the form of insubordination is the choice that should be taken. They are often viewed as being in contrast with each other. Authority figures help organize and direct group operations in order to overall live a better-organized life. One is affiliated with a group and they all care for each other, physically and mentally. PH:9999130121 It also discusses how these features enhance the . Also, Sponsol had a similar experience when he attended a summer camp for the East-West Center participants. The cultural differences are crucial to understanding the origin of people around us. The practice involves focusing on one deity or more divine beings. But for many Americans, it is simply just an act of encouragement for a person to reach his or her utmost potential. Touch, as a social-psychological phenomenon, is fundamentally linked to a culture's level of individualism. In the US, individualism generally has a positive meaning and often (or at least should) lead to the development of each person's fullest potential. Hippies were vital to the American counterculture, fueling a movement to expand awareness and stretch accepted She felt pitiful for the living condition of her sister in the Land of Milk and Honey. However for other cultures, the emphasis on the achievement of an individuals happiness without the help of the others may be perceived as rude or inappropriate. A modern day example can be seen in boy bands . The attributes for self-sufficiency may include setting and following personal objectives and work towards achieving social equity at the individual level. This entails the belief systems understood in regards to how different groups or humanity seek to elucidate the world and various phenomenon occurring naturally in life (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). When comparing The United States and Jordan with different cultural patterns, the biggest difference between the two was the cultural pattern of collectivism and, Compare And Contrast The Poisonwood Bible And We Grow Accustomed To The Dark, Internal And External Readiness Factors Of Motivation To Enter Counseling, Similarities And Differences Between The Great Gatsby Movie And Movie. Germans expect from each other to fulfil their own needs. In a collectivistic society, there is a level of dependency on a group. Americans express their identity using their cars and clothing (Millon, 2003). an exhibition called The Family of Man. We value independence, creativity, and self-expression, for example. Within the penal system, the home setting, or schools nationwide, the use of ostracism is used in order gain control over the masses (Riva et al. It just totally opposes the cultural values of China. In Saudi Arabia, my life was easier. What is the comparative method, and how is it useful for understanding variance between and among the states? Moreover, privacy is definitely another aspect that an outsider would find unusual in the American culture. As we go through life, we continually walk a line that separates autonomy and authority, expected to find middle-ground. Examining fifty-one years of data . The self-expression in collectivist cultures is not very strict. Because of this, easy and carefree lifestyle, I had trouble adapting to the American culture when I moved there. Students who find writing to be a difficult task. By clicking Continue, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy. The cultural aspect in these nations includes a deeply rooted sense of individuality (Newman & Newman, 2009). Members of each of these cultures usually share . Americans' individualistic culture makes non-sexual, interpersonal touch less frequent. When the government allows citizens to be responsible for their own retirement instead of relying on social security, this is an example of individualism. Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2009). People fully believe the legitimacy of authority, as opposed to the more voluntary acts which take into account societies influences. In this paper we shall look at individualism and collectivism in Japan as compared to America (Matsumoto et. Individualism vs. Collectivism. ABSTRACT The understanding of the relevant cultures helps in knowing where the people around us originate. These attempts to follow the crowd and fit in can be seen in affective, cognitive, and behavioral responses. The term individualistic culture was first used in the . As indicated by this model, moral reasoning ought to be an efficient procedure and how we come to choices. It elucidates and provides information that is crucial to comprehending the different cultures. As a result, it would be difficult for them to get used to the American culture. Most of the Venezuelan Americans and cultural practices. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. A nuclear family is an example of a culture, which displays individualism, while a joint family displays collectivism. We will occasionally send you account related emails. , can be recognized as an invasion of ones privacy (421). Americans usually view every person as self-sufficient individual, and this idea is important to understanding the American value system. We are taught that we should each do whatever we are told and that the people who disobey are almost always going to turn out unsuccessful. Many features can facilitate the understanding of cultural differences. Furthermore, the achievements realized in a collectivist society belong to everyone. . And America is spreading. Many features can facilitate the understanding of cultural differences. The different religion types such as Protestant Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Confucian, and Buddhism among others help in determining the culture differences of diverse regions (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). Place Order. Besides the assertiveness, optimism, boldness, a sense of enterprise, and a solid handshake, individualism will always be a crucial value of the Americans that will aid in developing and achieving their dreams and passion. Nonetheless, children know they must obey their parents tell them to do, as they are of superior authority. Australia: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. https://ivypanda.com/essays/cultural-differences-individualism-vs-%d1%81ollectivism/, IvyPanda. Sep 15, 2015. How does Charle's law relate to breathing? Learn more. In defining the American culture, individualism is the immediate concept that comes to mind. 4 The Roles of Individualism in Proverbs and Social collectivism. Several cultures around the world are distinct and unique. Do Modern Societies Grant Too Much - Or Too Little - Room for Individualism? It is notable that Asian countries such as India, Japan, Korea, China and Singapore have a collectivist culture (Newman & Newman, 2009). Examples Of Individualism In Fahrenheit 451 307 Words | 2 Pages Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian novel written by Ray Bradbury. Cultural culture. 2022 gradesfixer.com. Don't use plagiarized sources. There are many reasons why this happens but cultural background plays a major role in drawing the line between the Americans and outsiders. Indeed, religion has remained significantly the same even with the emergence of globalization. For outsiders, this can be a sign of being impolite particularly for those who grew in a setting wherein asking private questions are accepted. Their duties mainly evolved on domestic chores such as cleaning clothes, cooking food and many others. (2019, June 9). Copyright 2022 - IvyPanda is operated by, Continuing to use IvyPanda you agree to our, Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. Collectivism, Americanization of Russia and its Impact on Young Generation, Appropriation of Black Culture Life by Whites, From Collectivism to Individualism in Marriage, Hofstede Labels the Chinese as a Collectivist Culture, Cultural Audit in Society: Collectivism and Individualism, Collectivism Theory Applied to Consumer Behavior, Cultural Influence on Employee Motivation, Individualism and Collectivism in Agreement-Making. It feels good, right? We teach that individualism gives you the freedom to pave your path, make your own choices based on your morals, as well as the responsibility to accept the consequences of your actions personally. Prime examples of this would be, historically, the contrasting coalitions between Neville Chamberlain and Winston Churchill or . Obedience to authority is necessary for the success of most human groups and organizations. Individualism and collectivism can even be affected by the situational context. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you As participants were told to administer shocks to a stranger on the other side of a partition, they began to hear pleas and cries of anguish from the stranger. The features of different cultures also show massive structural differences. However, the subjects were told to proceed and still inflicted what they thought were electric shocks on unwilling strangers. Individualism is usually thought of as the quality of being self reliant or independent, but it's much more than that. Free Samples and Examples of Essays, Homeworks and any Papers. Being the most compelling poet in both the eighteenth and nineteenth century, Baudelaire is acknowledged for his success in the exceptional expression of a sophisticated [], Platos Republic is searching for morality, justice and the just state while raising moral questions and examining them from different angles via educational conversations. In analyzing the results of his work, Milgram made the following observations: Ordinary people, simply doing their jobs, and without any particular hostility on their part, can become agents in a terrible destructive process. But there is one value that nearly every American possesses and that is individualism. These may include acculturation, racial identity, gender identity, ethnic identify, religion, culture and aggression among others. People perceive legitimate authority when they assume that a person has a high-ranking position, and therefore holds more considerable expertise and a right to exercise power within his domain. For instance, a typical American would usually start to live independently after highs cool by going to college and living in campus dormitories. Given this, the mentioned characteristics may be present to only some Americans and cannot be attributed to everyone. The learnt values contribute to the development of people (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). Get your custom essay. "Individualism" - the stance or philosophy that values the moral worth of the individual as well as independence and self-reliance. The ten month old son of the supervisor acquired the most attention because of his cuteness so everyone wanted to play. Henceforth, we are obedient to authority because it is an integral part of society, provides social organization and regulation of relationships, and it is a social norm to obey to higher power. . A, She is studying Pre-Dentistry and hopes to become a dentist one day. They are normally very unconcerned by the different plans or goals their counterparts possesses. Collectivist cultures are usually contrasted with individualistic cultures. GradesFixer. For instance, asking questions like, How long have you been divorced? According to James P. Womack and Daniel T. Jones, lean is a way to do more and more with less and less (human effort, space, and time). This has greatly influenced their cultural difference particularly the mode of dressing. Our society is continually raising children to accept that obedience is gratifying while disobedience is immoral. Your time is important. This paper presents an analysis of religion and individualism versus collectivism. The term hippie 1968 Mills, Richard. in China if you are gay you are expected to marry a woman and keep it quiet, Individualism is to be independent by habit and in control of your own thoughts and feelings e.g. There is also the argument that individualists emanate from the cold regions of the globe towards the arctic. Shared is the way both obedience and compliance involve a subjects agreement with the demand. In fear being labeled a social outcast, an individual will follow the crowd rather than stray away when put into unknown situations. Now, she lives in Indianapolis with her family and grandparents. People look after themselves and their immediate families. However, while conformity to authority occurs, we are not sure who the absolute authority is. Development through life: A psychosocial approach. "Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. Because of this, many find it hard to be friends with Americans. Throughout history, we have encouraged people to think outside the box and be their own person. It is very hard for an outsider to adapt and imbibe the American Culture. Individualism is the principle of being independent and self-reliant. Individualism. Clark, T., & Clanton Jr, D. (2012). Collectivism. In a collectivistic society, there is a level of dependency on a group. How is the United States individualistic? However, the reason people blindly accept authority cannot merely be reduced to the influence of social norms, as for obedience to occur it is necessary to first identify the figure of authority, and recognize them as a legitimate power. RAJSHREE PANDA (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR I), How do you calculate the ideal gas law constant? This is a cultural aspect used to explain the nature of global cultures. Cultural patterns are a set of values, beliefs, and norms practiced in ones culture (Lustig & Koester, 2013.) This report on Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. Collectivism was written and submitted by your fellow unique quality that we have is where our political culture stands. Home Essay Samples Psychology Obedience Obedience and Individualism in American Culture. 20 Examples of Individualism John Spacey, August 13, 2019 Individualism is any philosophy or approach that values the agency, moral worth, freedom, self-reliance and independence of the individual. Typically, scholars consider individualism to be more prevalent in the English-speaking North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Western Europe compared to the other parts of . You've built up a little cushion in your bank account $1,000! This period marked a turning point in history with dynamic cultural change. As an example, we can take United States of America, where the political situation is stable for the past 50 years, the power distance and individualism are 40 and 91 respectively. Examples of Individualistic Cultures Individualistic cultures tend to be found in western countries such as the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Noting the differences among city limits governments, such as, Apopka to Altamonte, Altamonte to Winter Park, Winter. It is notable that religions emerge in already existing cultural foundations. For example, a customer service representative might be instructed in a procedure to use his own judgment to solve problems for. (1) Me or we? Conversely, collectivist cultures expect adults to support their members and promote togetherness towards achieving goals (Newman & Newman, 2009). Get an expert to write you the one you need! IvyPanda. In America today, individualism is at the core of American culture. Approach This paper describes important to identify values which can be used as a communication tool in advertisement to design appeals in accordance to the individualistic and, society can never be too individualistic though it can function by being collectivistic. Collectivism." An individualist culture might be found in a specific procedure. The Italian Renaissance is an event that can be compared to Texas individualism. Read on to learn more about individualistic culture. Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. In America, the ideal is for all people to be able to make their own decisions freely. Because of this, outsiders like immigrants, foreigners or people from different backgrounds will have a difficult time to become accustomed with this kind of culture. Written by MasterClass. A yearning for community seems implanted deep within the human heart. Overtime human development in technology had improved peoples living condition and promote the globalization. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below: By clicking Send, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. In the US, bringing happiness to every family member is the main purpose of having a family. American society and culture experienced an awakening during the 1960s as a result of the diverse civil rights, economic, and political issues it was faced with. And, time after time we are shown the dangers of obedience without question. For instance, my family employed helpers to take care of all our needs at home. This essay has been submitted by a student. This can be carried out by giving each family member the right to express themselves and pursue their dreams and passions in life. (2019, June 9). An example of individualism culture is The U.S.A, individuals in the society has their own goal and willing to show out themselves for money, job and fame and so on. Substitutes will often hold back giving out objectives or enforcing personal rules as to avoid ridicule or humiliation from others. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. Another perspective defends that we should increase not the total sum of happiness (which could lead to one [], We provide you with original essay samples, perfect formatting and styling. In other words, collectivism is an act of . However, as personal responsibility increases, obedience levels decrease because they are the ones who must live with their choices. This also influences their dressing style. In other words, as humans . Time, everyone has the same twenty-four hours in a day to get work done. When reviewing individualism vs. collectivism examples, take note of where the importance lays; if the group is valued over the individual, then the culture is collective. Members of individualistic cultures place an emphasis personal rights, innovation, Culture has been found to play a monumental role in the manifestation of healthcare seeking behaviours. It is ordinarily utilized by correspondence morals researchers. Nonetheless, obedience is a behavior deeply ingrained in all, and some may argue that it is a value everyone is born with. "Hyper" - from the Greek "huper," meaning over, beyond. And rightly so. This promotes a competition attitude among the society members (Newman & Newman, 2009). However, the lack of touch-the distant, American way of interacting-also contributes to its individualistic culture, in a self-reinforcing cycle. the rest of the family above your own needs e.g. We utilize security vendors that protect and It also discusses how these features enhance the comprehension of cultural differences. On the individualism index, the United States has an index number of 91 out of the full score of 100, whereas China has a significantly lower index score at 20. in China if you are gay you are expected to marry a woman and keep it quiet the rest of the family above your own needs e.g. For example, one study found that individuals from two cultural backgrounds became more individualistic when shown images relating to an individualistic culture and more collectivistic when shown images relating to a collectivistic culture. . Individualism exists on a spectrum, meaning that those within a predominantly individualist society can have more or less individualistic behavior depending on beliefs and circumstances. On this point of view, the "Super Girl" show has provided the people a new form of election where individual voting matters. It could be a sign of disrespect or lack of love. We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. (Hofstede, G. 2009) The dimensions are as follows - power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculine vs feminine, and long term or short term orientation. For example, in schools, many teachers find that their absence from the classroom instantly causes a shift in students behaviors. What are the units used for the ideal gas law? A collectivist society encourages togetherness, support, and team spirit in pursuing certain goals. She visits her homeland every summer with her family. This cultural type prohibits and discourages people from focusing on personal goals and accomplishments. "Cultural Differences: Individualism vs. Society tells us this, but it may not be entirely accurate. Individualism vs. Collectivism. For example, they don't include very small cultures such as a family culture. According to Komarraju, Dollinger, and Lovell, "collectivist take a great interest in others and are willing to share their material and non-material . It has been observed that most Americans just say hello and seldom pursue a conversation with other people. This is called negative utilitarianism. (Lean Thinking, 2003) Individualism It is notable that religion has been applied in defining the culture of diverse groups of people around the world. Ties between individuals are loose. This shows that religion cannot contribute to significant changes within the different cultural groups (Minkov & Hofstede, 2011). It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. While compliance and obedience both involve the target to agree to the desired request by first setting them up to agree on a modest request, behavior or action may not reflect an individuals beliefs, opinions, and values. No matter what our behavior is, we are consistently creating a paradoxical society, in which we tell people to be individuals and free thinkers yet turn around and scold them when they make a mistake out of their free will.
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