The particle shape of aggregate is determined by percentages of flaky and elongated particles . Summary Flakiness Index vs Elongation Index. ASTM D 2845-00; Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Pulse Velocities and Ultrasonic Elastic Constants of Rock. Flakiness and Elongation PCTE. A separate sample retains on this slot and weighted it(W2). Flakiness index is expressed as percentage of weight of aggregates passed through the gauge to the weight of sample in sieves. 5. We can measure the elongation index of particles that are passing through a mesh size 63 mm and the particles retained on a mesh size 6.3 mm. 1. Flakines index define by separated the flaky particles and expressing their mass as a percentage of the mass of the sample test. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. For sample preparation 6.3, 10, 14, 20, 28, 37.5, 50 and 63 mm aperture sizes test sieves should be ordered separately. Both Flakiness and Elongation tests are not applicable to sizes smaller then 6.3mm i.e. Your email address will not be published. Prepare aggregate sample for the test by sieving between IS sieve 6.3 mm size at the bottom and 63 mm IS sieve at top. Flakiness index below 15% is desirable and in no case should it be greater than 25%. FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION INDEX SIEVES SHAKERS EFFLUX INDEX APPARATUS ABRASION MACHINES SKID RESISTANCE AND FRICTION TESTER AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE APPARATUS FILLER COMPACTION APPARATUS CRUSHING MOHS HARDNESS SCALE MOISTURE CONTENT ROCK MECHANICS PARTICLE SHAPE ACCELERATED POLISHING MACHINE OTHER EQUIPMENT FOR AGGREGATES AND SOIL 3. The flakiness index and elongation index are two important types of indices useful in determining the concentration of a given sample by means of the particles that are present in the sample. Note: Test can be conducted for each range of elongation gauge slot. Madhu is a graduate in Biological Sciences with BSc (Honours) Degree and currently persuing a Masters Degree in Industrial and Environmental Chemistry. Table 1 CCPW Materials Testing and Sampling Frequencies . The Dimension shown in the length gauge is equal to 1.8 times the mean sieve size, Read More: Aggregate Crushing Value Test Procedure and Result. 24.0 APPARATUS/INSTRUMENTS 1. We can calculate the elongation index as follows: Here, W1 refers to the weight of particles that are retained in the length gauge, and W2 refers to the weight of the total sample used for the test. This is because when the load acts along the thin axis (along the axis of minimum moment of inertia) of the flaky flat particles then they may get broken down easily. B. Your email address will not be published. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Thickness Gauge (Flakiness Index BS) Standards BS 812-105.1 Thickness Gauge is used to determine if the aggregate particles are to be considered as flaky, i.e. A metal gauge plate ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2000. This will cause the increase of void in the mix. Flakiness And Elongation Index Flakiness Index Aggregate is termed as flaky when its least dimension i e thickness is reasonably small relative to its other two dimensions i e width and or length 1 / 8. To Determine Flakiness Index and Elongation Index of Aggregates, Standard I.S. For the specific gravity, the result value of RCA are almost the same as NA, and water absorption of RCA are more than 2% which indicate that the rate of water absorption for RCA are higher compared to NA. That means the test is not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3 mm aggregate. The presence of elongated aggregate particles in a mixture can disturb the packing of particles and also creates more space. Flakiness Index Test for Aggregates. Civil Engineering Portal Biggest Civil Engineering Information Sharing Website, 20 June 2020. . For example, the flakiness index of the aggregates we can use in the construction of roads is typically less than 15%, and it should not exceed 25%. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Thickness Gauge Length Gauge [For example, the mean sieve size for an aggregate piece passing through 50 mm and retained on 40 mm sieve is (50+40)/2 i.e. REPORTING 3.1 Report all data and information pertinent to this testing using SiteManager form 'Tx224.xlsm'. APPARTUS Standard thickness gauge. Sampling Per Section 704 Aggregate Sampling Per Section 704 203 Excavation & Embankment 207 Structure Backfill 208 Trench Excavation & Backfill 1 / 100 lf / Lift 1 / 100 lf / Lift Sieve AASHTO T27 & T11 PI AASHTO T89 & T90 Solubility AWWA 4500E and 3500-NaD 1 / 1000 yd3 Compression Samples Per RTC Field Density Thereafter, we can measure the weight of these slots. sieves 63,50,40,30,20,16,12.5,10 & 6.3mm, Flakiness and Elongation Index Calculator, Free Time Calculator Converter and Difference, Masters in Structural Engineering | Research Interest - Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning in Civil Engineering | Youtuber | Teacher | Currently working as Research Scholar at NIT Goa, \text { Flakiness Index }=\frac{\text { Total weight passing gauge }}{\text { Total weight on sieves }} * 100, \text { Elongation Index }=\frac{\text { Total weight retained on gauge }}{\text { Total weight on sieves }} * 100, 2022 | DCBA Online - All rights reserved | Designed by - Tanvesh Dabholkar. To determine the Flakiness Index of the given sample of course aggregate. Further Investigation on Damage Model of Eco-Friendly Basalt Fiber Modified Asphalt Mixture under Freeze-Thaw Cycles To determine the flakiness and elongation indices of the given aggregate sample. It is important to keep the amount of flaky and elongated aggregate within permissible levels. The key difference between flakiness index and elongation index is that flakiness index determines the concentration of flaky particles in a sample, whereas elongation index determines the concentration of elongated particles in a sample. This method uses to measure the Flakiness Index and Elongation index of aggregate use in the construction of Highway pavement and concrete structures. The balance used to measure the aggregate has sufficient capacity. Astm A490m Class 12 Macmillan Mcgraw Hill Science Grade 1 Workbook Byrd And Chen Canadian Tax Principles Ringtone Suara Ht Polisi At Askives RELATEDTHEORY: SHAPES OF PARTICLES Models: HM-38R, HM-38B. Open navigation menu. The samples passing through each sieve are then passed through the flakiness gauge. The pieces of aggregates are made to pass through the slot of specified thickness of gauge and then they are weighed. Awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. Elongation index The percentage by weight of the elongated particles present in a given test sample. In order to separate the flaky materials, the aggregates which pass through appropriate elongated slot of the thickness of gauge are found. Separation of Elongated Material- Each fraction shall be gauged individually for length on a metal . This test is applicable to aggregates having size larger than 6.3mm. 6. Gauge should be cleaned thoroughly and dried before testing. For base course and construction of bituminous and cement concrete type, the presence of flaky and elongated particles are considered undesirable as they may cause inherent weakness with possibilities of breaking down under heavy loads. Bulk Aggregate Calculator will sometimes glitch and take you a long time to try different solutions. In other words, it is the percentage by weight of the particles whose greatest dimension tends to be greater than 1.8 times the mean dimension of particles. Required fields are marked *. Log in; Favorites List; . ASTM D 4791 GLOSSARY Flat and Elongated Particles of Aggregate - Those particles having a ratio of length to thickness . In order to avoid such condition, the particles have to be tested for their flakiness index values to check their suitability in using for construction of roads. Flakiness Index vs Elongation Indexin Tabular Form, Summary Flakiness Index vs Elongation Index, Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, What is the Difference Between Hemothorax and Pleural Effusion, Difference Between Logical and Physical Data Model, Difference Between Software Engineering and Systems Engineering, What is the Difference Between PID and UTI, What is the Difference Between Collagen and Glutathione, What is the Difference Between Asbestos and Radon, What is the Difference Between Scalp Psoriasis and Dandruff, What is the Difference Between Direct Radiation and Diffuse Radiation, What is the Difference Between Peripheral and Central Venous Catheter. We offer 2 Flakiness Index Gauges, thickness gauges for aggregate characterizing. Centre for Diploma Studies. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Sieves of sizes 63, 50, 40, 31.5,25, 20, 16, 12.5, 10 and 6.3 mm. The width of appropriate slot would be 0.6 times the average of the range of sizes. The elongation index can be described as the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges that are expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample. Total weight of the fraction, W= Your email address will not be published. Definition of Flakiness As a consequence, flaky particles require less amount of binders. The below infographic presents the differences between flakiness index and elongation index in tabular form for side by side comparison, Difference Between Absorptivity and Molar Absorptivity, Difference Between Ilmenite and Perovskite, Difference Between Calcination and Pyrolysis, What is the Difference Between Lithium Orotate and Lithium Carbonate, What is the Difference Between Iron Sulfate and Iron Gluconate. Ranjith Kumar Asst. thickness . These are available as 200mm diameter brass frame sieves with stainless steel cloth asISO Test Sieves. It is not desirable to use flaky particles in construction of roads especially in surface course. Get Latest Price from the seller Contact Seller According to IS:2386-1963, the characterization of EOF steel slag, as coarse, is done by examining the shape and size of a particle, mechanical . Thickness Gauge (Flakiness Index) Starting at $58.00 Length Gauge (Elongation Index) $135.00 Thickness Gauge (Flakiness Index) is a slotted stainless steel gauge for rapid hand trying of particles from the seven sieve fractions to determine the flakiness index. Table 1: Limits of Flakiness Index for different types of pavements (SOURCE: MORTH). '' sieve. Elongation index and flakiness index of coarse aggregate (BS 812 Part:1) Scope: The particle is considered as elongated if its length is more than 1.8 times the mean sieve size of the size fraction to which the particle belongs. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. Understanding Performance-Based Asphalt, Characteristics of Aggregates: Shape, Size & Specific Gravity. Flakiness Index Test | Flakiness Index | Aggregate Testing #ASTMD4791#Flakinessindex#Flakinessindextest#Flakinessindextestinhindi#Flakinessindextestinurdu#Fl. The standard version and one to meet Indiana test method. Test aggregates must be sieved using sieves with openings of 63, 50, 37.5, 28, 20, 14, 10, and 6.3mm. The sample passing through this gauge is noted as Weight passing gauge. The collected aggregate sample should have at least 200 numbers of individual aggregate for accurate test results from each range of IS sieve. Soil related testing such as Sieve Analysis, Limit and Plastic limit & Plasticity Index, Proctor test & CBR. Flakiness Index = [W 2 / W 1] x 100 Where, W 2 = Weight passed from 0.6 x d mean size W 1 = Total weight of aggregates Flakiness Index of aggregates used in road construction should be less than 15% and normally does not exceed 25%. Flakiness And Elongation Conducting Lab Trial Mix . Generally, this test is performed in accordance with AASHTO T 96 or ASTM C 131. Aggregate Sampling Equipment will sometimes glitch and take you a long time to try different solutions. The Flakiness (Thickness) Gauge is used to determine if the aggregate particles are to be considered as flaky, i.e. IS 2386(Part 1):1963 Methods of Test for Aggregates of Concrete- Particle Size and Shape. The percentage of flaky aggregate in the range of 10 mm to 6.3 mm is 20%. The flakiness indices of TP1 and TP5 exceed the specified limit of 25% after BS 812 Part 105.1 (BS,1989), whereas the elongation indices of all the samples except TP6 exceed the limit (<25%) of . Starting at $7.00. Then the flakiness index is calculated as the total weight of material passed through various thickness gauges, expressed as a percentage of total weight of the sample gauged. UTA-0410 Flakiness Index Sieve Set consists of 7 sieves. Flakiness Index of aggregate is the percentage by weight of aggregate particles whose least dimension is less than 0.6 of their mean dimensions. Test each of the particles in each size fraction and place them into one of two groups: (1) Particles with longest to thinnest ratios over 5:1 and (2) Particles with . . COURTESY: AIC- LAB EQUIPMENTS. Note 1-This form is available from the Materials & Tests Division/Soils & Aggregates Section. The flat and elongated particle test is used to determine the dimensional ratios for aggregate particles of specific sieve sizes. LoginAsk is here to help you access Aggregate Sampling Equipment quickly and handle each specific case you encounter. Elongation Index= ( (Total weight of material retained on various length gauges) / (Total Weight of sample taken)) X 100. The Dimension shown in the thickness gauge is equal to 0.6 times the mean sieve size. 3 APPARATUS. This test is not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3mm. What is Superpave? The elongation test is not applicable to material passing 6.30 mm sieve or retained 50mm sieve. The test flakiness index of aggregate is not applicable to the materials passing through the 6.30 mm IS test sieve or retained on the 63.00 mm IS test sieve while the test elongation index of aggregate is measured on particles passing through IS sieve size of 63mm and retained on IS sieve size of 6.3 mm. Elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges that are expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample is gauged. ASTM D4791 10 Standard Test Method for Flat Particles. The Flakiness Index is the total weight of the material passing the various thickness gauges or sieves, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample gauged. Flakiness Index and Elongation Index Test on Coarse Aggregates. Elongated Particles These are the particles having length considerably larger than the other two dimensions and it is the particle whose greater dimension is 1.8 times its mean size. Also, such irregularshaped aggregate cement content must also be increased to maintain the water-cement ratio. The flakiness index of an aggregate sample is found by separating the flaky particles and expressing their mass as a percentage of the mass of the sample tested. 3. Aggregate shape, size, and surface texture majorly affect the properties of freshly mixed concrete more than the properties of hardened concrete. according with ASTM D3319 and ASTM E-303, LA abrasion in according with ASTM 535 and . What is the difference between flakiness index and elongation index? This test gives the percentage of flaky and elongate aggregate present in the total aggregate sample. Given sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified ranges of size. Take the weight of the total aggregate sample collected for tests as W1. Professor, Malla Reddy Engineering College 1venky.chamakura634@gmail.com 2 harinathchowdary1@gmail.com 3ranjithkumar65@rediffmail.com Abstract-- Flakiness & Elongation index is one of the most prominent criteria that govern behavior and performance of aggregate in the bituminous mixes. It is not desirable to use flaky particles in construction of roads especially in surface course. Limit of elongated particles in the mixes is 45%. TEST DESCRIPTION: Moreover, flaky aggregates tend to produce seals having less amount of voids due to their tendency to pack tightly compared to cubical aggregates. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction are taken and weighed properly. This weight is then divided by the total weight of sample taken from different range of sizes and the ratio is expressed in percentage which is the desired flakiness index. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. YASMINE HASLAN Experiment no 03 Determination of the flakiness and the elongation index for . ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 1995. The Elongation Index of aggregates is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension (length) is greater than 1.8 times their mean dimension. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Aggregate related testing such as Sieve Analysis, Flakiness & Elongation, Specific gravity & water absorption, Loss Role and Responsibilities Description of soil and rock samples. Flakiness and Elongation Index Test are very important tests to be performed on aggregate in the laboratory. Safety shoes must be used along with masks and aprons at the time of test. brochure (1) (4) - Read online for free. As per BS, ASTM, AASHTO and DIN Standards. Flakiness index below 15% is desirable and in no case should it be greater than 25%. With a mind rooted firmly to basic principals of chemistry and passion for ever evolving field of industrial chemistry, she is keenly interested to be a true companion for those who seek knowledge in the subject of chemistry. Aggregate related testing such as Sieve Analysis, Flakiness & Elongation, Specific gravity & water absorption, Loss Role and Responsibilities Description of soil and rock samples. of the sheet used in the gauge or sieve shall be as. In order to resist abrasion, the aggregate should have an adequate abrasion value. - A balance of cap 5 kg to weigh the samples. In this method, we need to make pieces of aggregates pass through the slot of the specific thickness of a gauge. Flakiness Index vs Elongation Indexin Tabular Form What isElongation Index Try to pass the aggregate length-wise through the slot of 10mm to 6.3 mm on the length gauge. 3 Metal length gauge 3 Sieve 3 Balance 3 Tray. ASTM 4791-10: Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles or Flat Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } The metal gauge used to measure the thickness/elongation is looked like this figure shown below: The IS Sieves: 63 mm, 50 mm, 40 mm, 31.5 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm, 16 mm, 12.5 mm, 10 mm, 6.3 mm. This the reason of the test being carried out. To calculate the flakiness index of the given sample of aggregates, the weight of each fraction of aggregates passing and retaining on the specified set of sieves is noted first. Flakiness and Elongation Index 8. The flakiness index is defined as the percentage (by mass) of stones in an aggregate having an ALD of less than 0.6 times their average dimension. COURTESY: GILSON, Fig 3: Set of Sieves. 3. The Flakiness Index of aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles in it whose least dimension (thickness) is less than three-fifths of their mean dimension. The Flakiness index of aggregates is the percentage by weight of particles whose least dimension (thickness) is less than three- fifths (0.6times) of their mean dimension. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. Elongation index is a aggregate that have length more than 1.8 sieve size. Hence we offer thickness gauge and length gauge to check flakiness and elongation index of the aggregate respectively. Total weight of passing fraction, w= Generally, flaky and elongated aggregate are avoided or are limited to about 15 % by the weight of the total aggregate. ASTM 4791-10: Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles or Flat Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials. Read More: Aggregate Impact Value Test, Procedure, Result & Standards, The flakiness index of aggregate is the % by weight of the particles (aggregates) whose thickness is less than 3/5th(0.6 times) of their mean dimension., The Elongation index of aggregate is the % by weight of the particles (aggregates) whose length is greater than 1 and 4/5th (1.8 times) of their mean dimension.. Elongation index in excess of 10 to 15 % is generally considered undesirable. Angular, flaky, rough-textured, and elongated aggregate particles require more water to produce workable concrete than the smooth, rounded compact aggregate. = 45.7%. 3.0 Apparatus a. Close suggestions Search Search 4. 54. COURTESY: IRICEN.GOV.IN, Fig 2: Flakiness Index Metal Gauge. Overview and Key Difference As a conclusion, the sample that we tested are flaky, which is there are not suitable to use in parameter design. The key difference between flakiness index and elongation index is that flakiness index determines the concentration of flaky particles in a sample, whereas the elongation index determines the concentration of elongated particles in a sample. LoginAsk is here to help you access Bulk Aggregate Calculator quickly and handle each specific case you encounter. . 5. Moreover, if we use elongated particles for the pavement base course construction, it can cause an easy breakdown of the pavement when a heavy load or stress is applied. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Manage Settings CALCULATION 2. The below infographic presents the differences between flakiness index and elongation index in tabular form for side by side comparison. CBR Filters. All rights reserved. A separate sample passed through this slot and weight (W2), Flakiness Index = Weight of aggregate passed through width gauge 10 mm to 6.3 mm (W2) / Total weight of aggregate sample taken (W1), For example, Weight of aggregate passed through width gauge of 10 mm to 6.3mm(W2) = 200 gm and Total weight of aggregate sample = 1000 gm, Flakiness Index = (200 gm / 1000 gm) x 100 = 20%. The flakiness index is used to describe the average particle shape of aggregates including those used for concrete. Flakiness Index is the percentage by weight of particles in it, whose least dimension (i.e. Assuring Accuracy on Testing on fresh concrete | compressive strength of concrete Finalize reporting of Material Testing, and Assuring Quality on | Soil Plate Load | In Situ Density (FDT) | MDD OMC | CBR | PSD | Flakiness index | Elongation index | Moisture Content | Liquid Limit | Plastic April 18th, 2019 - Tags AGGREGATE FLAKINESS INDEX VALUE astm standard for . Flakiness Index of aggregates used in road construction should be less than 15% and normally does not exceed 25%. Laboratory Tests For Determination of Strength of Rocks, Different Types of Slabs Used in Construction and Their Uses, Advantages & Disadvantages, What is Wood | What is Timber | Difference between Wood and Timber, Gable Roof Types, Advantages And Disadvantages, Stone Masonry Materials, Uses and Classifications, Difference between Spiral Column and Tied Column, Different Types of Plywood and their Grades & Benefits, New Rule and Regulations Affecting Construction, Civil Engineering Notes From Universities, Free Civil Engineering Magazines and White Papers, Civil Engineering Portal Biggest Civil Engineering Information Sharing Website, Bituminous Surface Dressing (Single Coat, Double Coat & Precoated). sbm determination of aggregate crushing value lab reportAggregate impact and crushing test LinkedIn SlideShare Feb 08,2012 45 mm. Determination of Flakiness Index & Elongation Index. Asphalt and Aggregate Section: Performing and supervision of Sieve Analysis (Grading) for all types of material used in construction purposes. The test does not apply to sizes smaller than 6.3 mm. Separation of Elongated Material- Each fraction shall be gauged individually for length on a metal length gauge of the pattern shown in Figure 4. After, sieve analysis, physical properties include flakiness and elongation index, abrasion value, aggregate impact value and water absorption were carried out on, RCA, VA, and bitumen free RAP aggregates and compared with Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH, 2013) [17] and tabulated in Table 1. PROCEDURE This research tests energy optimised furnace (EOF) steel slag as substitution for natural coarse aggregate in concrete. The evaluation of shape of the particles, particularly with reference to flakiness, elongation an angularity is necessary. thickness . IRC recommended the Flakiness index value for road construction be below 35%.SR NO.TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONALLOWABLE FLAKINESS INDEX1WBM constructionWearing surface15%lower granular layer15%2Concrete construction3Bituminous construction25%4Two coat bituminous surface dressing25%5Bituminous macadamBase course25%Binder course25%6Dense bituminous macadam35%, Copyright [2019 - 2022] [Civiconcepts.com] | by [Bhushan Mahajan], 3040 House Plans | 1200 sq ft House Plan, Flakiness and Elongation Index Test of Coarse Aggregate | Flakiness Index | Elongation Index | Result, Weight of aggregate passed through width gauge 10 mm to 6.3 mm (W2), weight of aggregate retained on length gauge of 10 mm to 6.3 mm (W2), IRC recommended the Flakiness Index Value, Aggregate Impact Value Test, Procedure, Result & Standard, Aggregate Crushing Value Test Procedure and Result, Abrasion Test on Aggregate (Los Angeles Test), Aggregate Testing | 7 Test On Aggregates | Coarse Aggregate Test, Abrasion Test on Aggregate | Los Angeles Abrasion Test, Compressive Strength of Concrete | Concrete Cube Strength at 3 days, 7 days, 14 days & 28 days | Cube Test of Concrete, What To Do If Concrete Cube Fails After 28 days | Concrete Cube Test Failure Reasons, What Is Fineness of Cement | Fineness Test of Cement, Defects In Timber | Top Defects Of Timber | 5 Different Types of Defects In Timber | Foxiness In Timber, 15 Types of Drywall Anchors | Different Types Of Wall Anchors | Dry Wall Anchors Types | Best Types of Wall Anchors For Wall, Types Of Gutters | 22 Different Types of Gutters | Rain Gutter Downspout | Best Types of Rain Gutter For House, 12 Types of Rugs | Different Types of Rugs With Pictures | Best Types of Rug For Living Room | Best Rug For Bedroom, 15 Types of Mattresses | Different Types of Mattresses | Most Popular Mattress Types, 15 Types of Fans | Different Types of Fans For Home | Ceiling Fan Type | Best Fan Types & Their Uses, 10 Different Types of Stoves | Best Stoves Types | Top Different Kinds Of Stoves, 22 Types of Drill Bits | Drill Bit Types And Uses | Different Drill Bits Name | Best Drill Bits For Cutting Work, 40 Types Of Tables | Different Types of Tables | Best Types Of Table For Living Room | Different Kinds Of Tables, 10 Types of Shovels | Different Types of Shovels With Pictures | Best Shovels For Digging Work, 15 Different Types of Plywood | What Is Plywood and Their Types | 15 Best Types of Plywood for Furniture, 30 Types of Clamps and Their Uses | 30 Different Types Clamps and Uses | Best Clamps For Home Uses, 10 Concrete Finishes Types | 10 Best Types of Concrete Finishes | Different Concrete Finishes | Concrete Surface Finishes, 25 Types of Hammers | Different Types of Hammers and Their Uses | Top 25 Hammers Types, 10 Different Types of Ladders and Their Uses | Best Types of Ladders | Material Used For Ladders, 17 Types Of Contractors | What Is Contractor | 17 Different Types of Contractors | List of Contractors, 13 Types of Door Hinges | Types of Hinges Used For Door | Different Types Of Door Hinges | What Is A Butt Hinge, 21 Different Types of Couches For Home | Guide.